5.6×39mm

The 5.6×39mm, also known in the U.S. as .220 Russian, is a cartridge developed in the late 1950s for deer hunting in USSR as well as 100 meter running deer competitions.[2] It is a 7.62×39mm cartridge necked down to hold a 5.6 mm bullet. It was later adopted by Finland, and by around 1965 was being produced by SAKO and Lapua. When it was introduced to the United States, Sako, and later Lapua, brass was stamped ".220 Russian".

5.6×39mm
TypeHunting
Place of originUSSR
Production history
Designed1950s
ManufacturerSAKO & Lapua
Specifications
Parent case7.62×39mm
Case typeRimless, Bottle-Neck
Bullet diameter5.67[1]
Neck diameter6.29 mm (0.248 in)
Shoulder diameter10.20 mm (0.402 in)
Base diameter11.35 mm (0.447 in)
Rim diameter11.35 mm (0.447 in)
Rim thickness1.50 mm (0.059 in)
Case length38.70 mm (1.524 in)
Overall length48.70 mm (1.917 in)
Case capacity1.95 cm3 (30.1 gr H2O)
Primer typeSmall rifle
Maximum pressure350 MPa (51,000 psi)
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy
3.5[1] SP[1] 2,993.4 ft/s (912.4 m/s) 1,074.6 ft⋅lbf (1,457.0 J)
3.5[1] FMJ[1]
5.0[1] SP[1]

Soviet 5.6×39mm cartridges were loaded with smokeless powder VT (винтовочный пироксилиновый порох ВТ), as well as Soviet 7.62×54mmR and 9×53mmR hunting cartridges[3]

The 7.62x39mm is the parent case for the .220 Russian, .22 PPC, 6mm PPC, 6mm ARC, and the 6.5mm Grendel cartridges.

Ballistics
Ballistic data (3.5 gram SP bullet)
Distance (m)050100200300400500
Velocity(m / s)912.4798.8694.0507.7359.4290.5250.3
Energy (J)14571117843451226148110

Firearms

In the Soviet Union, several hunting rifles were designed for this cartridge; MBO-1 target rifle, bolt-action carbine «Bars», self-loading carbines MTs-127 (МЦ-127) and MTs-128 (МЦ-128), combination guns IZh-15,[4] MTs-5-35[5] and MTs-105-01 (МЦ-105-01).[6]

This round was also used in the TKB-022PM5 bullpup assault rifle, and in development of the standard-issue 5.45×39mm round.

In the Russian Federation, several hunting rifles were designed for this cartridge; the IZh-94 "Sever", "Saiga-5.6" ("Сайга-5.6"), and "Saiga-5.6S" ("Сайга-5.6С").

See also

References
  1. М. Блюм. Патроны для промысла // журнал «Охота и охотничье хозяйство», № 5, 1971. стр.30-31
  2. 220Russian5-6x39mm AMMO-ONE ammunition collection - The 5.6x39mm or .220 Russian
  3. Вопросы - ответы // журнал «Охота и охотничье хозяйство», № 1, 1994. стр.20-21
  4. Комбинированное ружьё ИЖ-15 // А. А. Потапов. Всё об охотничьих ружьях. М., ФАИР-Пресс, 2011. стр.372
  5. М. Блюм. Патрон 5,6 х 39 мм // журнал «Охота и охотничье хозяйство», № 5, 1969. стр.28-29
  6. А. Блюм, А. Волнов. Патроны для нарезного охотничьего оружия // журнал "Охота и охотничье хозяйство", № 7, 1984. стр.30-31

Sources
  • 5,6-мм охотничий патрон с высокой начальной скоростью пули // Спортивно-охотничье оружие и патроны. Бухарест, "Внешторгиздат", 1965. стр.134
  • Патроны охотничьи 5,6x39. Типы и основные размеры. ГОСТ 20808-75. Москва, 1975.
  • Патроны охотничьи 5,6x39 // Охотничье и спортивное оружие. М., Внешторгиздат. 1989.
  • А. В. Кузьминский. Оружие для охотника: практическое пособие / под общ.ред. А. Е. Тараса М., ООО «Издательство АСТ», 2002. стр.250-251
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