Abu Naddara

Abu Naddara (The Man with the Glasses in English; full title Abu Naddara Zarka) was an Arabic language political satire magazine based in Cairo, Egypt, and then in Paris, France. Its title, Abu Naddara, was the pseudonym of the founder, Yaqub Sanu.[1] The magazine was one of the first publications in its category in Egypt and was published in the period 1877–1910.

Abu Naddara
CategoriesPolitical satire magazine
FrequencyWeekly
PublisherYaqub Sanu
FounderYaqub Sanu
Year founded1877
First issue21 March 1877
Final issueDecember 1910
CountryEgypt
France
Based inCairo (March 1877–August 1878)
Paris (August 1878–December 1910)
LanguageArabic
French

History and profile

Abu Naddara was established by Yaqub Sanu in 1877 in Cairo as a four-page publication,[2] and the first issue appeared on 21 March that year.[3][4] A political activist, Jamal al Din Al Afghani, encouraged Yaqub Sanu to launch Abu Naddara.[5] The magazine was published on a weekly basis.[3] All caricatures published in the magazine were produced by Yaqub Sanu himself.[6] It covered both Arabic language and French language materials in the caricatures.[7] The Arabic materials were written in colloquial style.[8] The magazine managed to have a large audience and sold nearly 50,000 copies.[5] It was also distributed free of charge to army officers.[1]

However, soon Abu Naddara began to publish caricatures which criticised Khedive Ismail, ruler of Egypt, and also, royal family of Egypt.[1][3] Due to the critical approach of the magazine Yaqub Sanu was forced by Khedive Ismail to leave Egypt and he settled in Paris where he continued to publish Abu Naddara.[3][9] The first issue published there appeared in August 1878, and the magazine was also sent to Egypt in secret.[3] The new target of the magazine was now the British authorities in Egypt, and it attempted to get assistance from the French authorities to end the British rule in the country.[1][3] Abu Naddara ceased publication following the December 1910 issue.[3][6][9]

References
  1. Irene L. Gendzier (Winter 1961). "James Sanua and Egyptian Nationalism". Middle East Journal. 15 (1): 16–17, 19, 26. JSTOR 4323314.
  2. Salwa Samir (23 December 2019). "Cairo gallery ends decade on a funny note". Al Monitor. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  3. Ziad Fahmy (2011). Ordinary Egyptians. Creating the Modern Nation through Popular Culture. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. pp. 47–48. doi:10.1515/9780804777742-007. ISBN 978-0-8047-7774-2.
  4. Jonathan Guyer (January 2017). "On the Arab page". Le Monde Diplomatique. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  5. Afaf Lutfi Al Sayyid Marsot (January 1971). "The Cartoon in Egypt". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 13 (1): 11. doi:10.1017/S0010417500006083. JSTOR 178195.
  6. Eliane Ursula Ettmüller (2012). "Caricature and Egypt's Revolution of 25 January 2011". Zeithistorische Forschungen. 9. doi:10.14765/zzf.dok-1605.
  7. Sarah H. Awad (2020). "Political Caricatures in Colonial Egypt: Visual representations of the people and the nation". In Anthony Gorman; Sarah Irving (eds.). Cultural Entanglement in the Pre-Independence Arab World: Arts, Thought and Literature. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 163. ISBN 978-0-7556-0632-0.
  8. Ziad Adel Fahmy (2007). Popularizing Egyptian Nationalism: Colloquial Culture and Media Capitalism, 1870-1919 (PhD thesis). University of Arizona. p. 74. Archived from the original on 19 November 2021.
  9. Matti Moasa (September 1974). "Ya'qub Sanu' and the Rise of Arab Drama in Egypt". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 5 (4): 411. JSTOR 162087.
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