Aelian

Aelian or Aelianus may refer to:

• Aelian (Greek writer), Greek military writer of the 2nd century, who lived in Rome
• Casperius Aelianus, Praetorian Prefect, executed by Trajan
• Aelian (Roman author), Roman writer, teacher and historian of the 3rd century, who wrote in Greek
• Lucius Aelianus, one of the thirty tyrants under the Roman empire
• Aelianus Meccius, ancient Greek physician, tutor of Galen
• Tiberius Plautius Silvanus Aelianus, adopted nephew of Plautia Urgulanilla, first wife of Claudius; consul 45 and 74 AD
• Aelian (rebel), leader of the Bagaudae peasant rebels
• Count Aelian, leader of the Roman defensive forces at the Siege of Amida in 359.