Anywhere on Earth

Anywhere on Earth (AoE) is a calendar designation which indicates that a period expires when the date passes everywhere on Earth. It is a practice to help specify easy to understand deadlines such as "June 15, 2021, End of Day, Anywhere on Earth (AoE)"[1] without requiring timezone calculations or Daylight saving time adjustments.[2]

World map of time zones, with the UTC−12 time zone highlighted.

The last place on Earth where any date exists is on Howland and Baker Islands, in the IDLW time zone (the Western Hemisphere side of the International Date Line), and so is the last spot on the globe for any day to exist. Therefore, the day ends AoE when it ends on Howland Island.[3]

The convention originated in IEEE 802.16 balloting procedures. At this point, many IEEE 802 ballot deadlines are established as the end of day using "AoE", for "Anywhere on Earth" as a designation. This means that the deadline has not passed if, anywhere on Earth, the deadline date has not yet passed.

The day's end AoE occurs at noon Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) of the following day,[3] Howland and Baker Islands being halfway around the world from the prime meridian that is the base reference longitude for UTC. Thus, in standard notation this is:

UTC−12:00 hour[4]
Daylight Saving Time: DST is not applied, nor applicable

The start and end of AoE day

The ISO standard only defines the end of an AoE day.

The day 2021-12-24
The timeThe country or the time zone
The first second of day2021-12-23 10:00:00 UTCUTC+14
Pacific/Apia, Pacific/Kiritimati
The last second of day2021-12-25 11:59:59 UTCUTC−12

Notice: The places in the table use one time zone in all days of the year.

References
  1. "AAAI Squirrel AI Award for Artificial Intelligence for the Benefit of Humanity". AAAI. Retrieved 2021-10-18.
  2. "What does "All deadlines are: 11:59 PM UTC-12:00" mean?". NewbeDEV. Retrieved 2021-10-18.
  3. "IEEE 802.16 AOE Deadline Documentation". www.ieee802.org. Retrieved 2018-05-08.
  4. "AoE – Anywhere on Earth (Time Zone Abbreviation)". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-05-09.
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