Chief Earth Woman

Chief Earth Woman was a nineteenth-century Ojibwa woman and a significant figure in Ojibwa history.[1] She claimed that she had gained supernatural powers from a dream, and for this reason, accompanied the men on the warpath. [2] Ruth Landes' research in the 1930s described Chief Earth Woman as one of few women to command a war party and receive the honors of a man,[3] and later research by Colleen Sheryl McIvor places Chief Earth Woman within the tradition of the Anishinaabe Ogichidaakwe, or woman warrior.[4]

She was born around 1878 near Waterloo, Ohio as Birtha Snyder, Snider or Snidow. She married a man named "White Owl" in 1893, and she frequently traveled from Ohio to Michigan. She lived in a place called "Old Man's Cave" while in Ohio.

References
  1. Buchanan, Kimberly Moore (1986). Apache Women Warriors. Texas Western Press, University of Texas at El Paso. ISBN 978-0-87404-157-6.
  2. Niethammer, Carolyn (1995). Daughters of the Earth. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-82955-X.
  3. Landes, Ruth (1938). The Ojibwa Woman (1997 ed.). University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-7969-8.
  4. McIvor, Colleen (2014). Gikinoo'amaagowin Anishinaabeg (Teaching the Anishinaabe People) (Thesis). Winnipeg, Manitoba: University of Winnipeg. hdl:10680/744.

Further reading


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