Constituencies of Russia

Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Map of all 225 Russian legislative constituencies in relation to their Federal Subjects. (Used 2015-2025)

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.

List

Below is the list of Constituencies of Russia, organised by Federal Subject.

Adygea

Altai Republic

  • Altai constituency (No. 2)

Bashkortostan

  • Ufa constituency (No. 3)
  • Blagoveshchensk constituency (No. 4)
  • Beloretsk constituency (No. 5)
  • Neftekamsk constituency (No. 6)
  • Salavat constituency (No. 7)
  • Sterlitamak constituency (No. 8)

Buryatia

  • Buryat constituency (No. 9)

Dagestan

  • Northern constituency (No. 10)
  • Central constituency (No. 11)
  • Southern constituency (No. 12)

Ingushetia

  • Ingush constituency (No. 13)

Kabardino-Balkaria

  • Kabardino-Balkarian constituency (No. 14)

Kalmykia

  • Kalmyk constituency (No. 15)

Karachay-Cherkessia

  • Karachevo-Cherkess constituency (No. 16)

Republic of Karelia

Komi Republic

Republic of Crimea

Mari El

Mordovia

Yakutia

North Ossetia

  • North Ossetia constituency (No. 25)

Tatarstan

  • Privolzhsky constituency (No. 26)
  • Moskovsky constituency (No. 27)
  • Nizhnekamsk constituency (No. 28)
  • Naberezhnye Chelny constituency (No. 29)
  • Almetyevsk constituency (No. 30)
  • Central constituency (No. 31)

Tuva

  • Tuvan constituency (No. 32)

Udmurt Republic

  • Udmurtian constituency (No. 33)
  • Izhevsk constituency (No. 34)

Khakassia

  • Khakassian constituency (No. 35)

Chechnya

  • Chechen constituency (No. 36)

Chuvashia

  • Kanash constituency (No. 37)
  • Cheboksary constituency (No. 38)

Altai Krai

  • Barnaul constituency (No. 39)
  • Rubtsovsk constituency (No. 40)
  • Biysk constituency (No. 41)
  • Slavgorod constituency (No. 42)

Zabaikalsky Krai

Kamchatka Krai

  • Kamchatka constituency (No. 45)

Krasnodar Krai

Krasnoyarsk Krai

  • Krasnoyarsk constituency (No. 54)
  • Central constituency (No. 55)
  • Divnogorsk constituency (No. 56)
  • Yeniseysk constituency (No. 57)

Perm Krai

  • Perm constituency (No. 58)
  • Chusovskoy constituency (No. 59)
  • Kungur constituency (No. 60)
  • Kudymkar constituency (No. 61)

Primorsky Krai

  • Vladivostok constituency (No. 62)
  • Artyom constituency (No. 63)
  • Arsenyev constituency (No. 64)

Stavropol Krai

  • Stavropol constituency (No. 65)
  • Nevinnomyssk constituency (No. 66)
  • Kavminvody constituency (No. 67)
  • Georgiyevsk constituency (No. 68)

Khabarovsk Krai

Amur Oblast

  • Amur constituency (No. 71)

Arkhangelsk Oblast

  • Arkhangelsk constituency (No. 72)
  • Kotlas constituency (No. 73)

Astrakhan Oblast

  • Astrakhan constituency (No. 74)
Legislative constituencies in Belgorod Oblast.

Belgorod Oblast

  • Belgorod constituency (No. 75)
  • Stary Oskol constituency (No. 76)

Bryansk Oblast

Vladimir Oblast

  • Vladimir constituency (No. 79)
  • Suzdal constituency (No. 80)

Volgograd Oblast

  • Volgograd constituency (No. 81)
  • Krasnoarmeysky constituency (No. 82)
  • Mikhailovka constituency (No. 83)
  • Volzhsky constituency (No. 84)

Vologda Oblast

  • Vologda constituency (No. 85)
  • Cherepovets constituency (No. 86)

Voronezh Oblast

Ivanovo Oblast

  • Ivanovo constituency (No. 91)
  • Kineshma constituency (No. 92)
The 95th Constituency in Irkutsk Oblast has traces of Gerrymandering.

Irkustsk Oblast

Kaliningrad Oblast

Kaluga Oblast

  • Kaluga constituency (No. 99)
  • Obninsk constituency (No. 100)

Kemerovo Oblast

  • Kemerovo constituency (No. 101)
  • Prokopyevsk constituency (No. 102)
  • Zavodskoy constituency (No. 103)
  • Novokuznetsk constituency (No. 104)

Kirov Oblast

  • Kirov constituency (No. 105)
  • Kirovo-Chepetsk constituency (No. 106)

Kostroma Oblast

  • Kostroma constituency (No. 107)

Kurgan Oblast

  • Kurgan constituency (No. 108)

Kursk Oblast

  • Kursk constituency (No. 109)
  • Seym constituency (No. 110)

Leningrad Oblast

Lipetsk Oblast

  • Lipetsk constituency (No. 114)
  • Levoberezhny constituency (No. 115)

Magadan Oblast

  • Magadan constituency (No. 116)

Moscow Oblast

  • Balashikha constituency (No. 117)
  • Dmitrov constituency (No. 118)
  • Kolomna constituency (No. 119)
  • Krasnogorsk constituency (No. 120)
  • Lyubertsy constituency (No. 121)
  • Odintsovo constituency (No. 122)
  • Orekhovo-Zuyevo constituency (No. 123)
  • Podolsk constituency (No. 124)
  • Sergiyev Posad constituency (No. 125)
  • Serpukhov constituency (No. 126)
  • Shchyolkovo constituency (No. 127)

Murmansk Oblast

  • Murmansk constituency (No. 128)

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Novgorod Oblast

  • Novgorod constituency (No. 134)

Novosibirsk Oblast

  • Novosibirsk constituency (No. 135)
  • Central constituency (No. 136)
  • Iskitim constituency (No. 137)
  • Barabinsk constituency (No. 138)

Omsk Oblast

  • Omsk constituency (No. 139)
  • Moskalensky constituency (No. 140)
  • Luybinsky constituency (No. 141)

Orenburg Oblast

  • Orenburg constituency (No. 142)
  • Buguruslan constituency (No. 143)
  • Orsk constituency (No. 144)

Oryol Oblast

  • Oryol constituency (No. 145)

Penza Oblast

  • Penza constituency (No. 146)
  • Lermontov constituency (No. 147)

Pskov Oblast

Rostov Oblast

  • Rostov constituency (No. 149)
  • Lower Don constituency (No. 150)
  • Taganrog constituency (No. 151)
  • Southern constituency (No. 152)
  • Belaya Kalitva constituency (No. 153)
  • Shakhty constituency (No. 154)
  • Volgodonsk constituency (No. 155)

Ryazan Oblast

  • Ryazan constituency (No. 156)
  • Skopin constituency (No. 157)

Samara Oblast

  • Samara constituency (No. 158)
  • Tolyatti constituency (No. 159)
  • Krasnaya Glinka constituency (No. 160)
  • Zhigulyovsk constituency (No. 161)
  • Promyshlenny constituency (No. 162)

Saratov Oblast

Sakhalin Oblast

Sverdlovsk Oblast

  • Sverdlovsk constituency (No. 168)
  • Kamensk-Uralsky constituency (No. 169)
  • Beryozovsky constituency (No. 170)
  • Nizhny Tagil constituency (No. 171)
  • Asbest constituency (No. 172)
  • Pervouralsk constituency (No. 173)
  • Serov constituency (No. 174)

Smolensk Oblast

  • Smolensk constituency (No. 175)
  • Roslavl constituency (No. 176)

Tambov Oblast

  • Tambov constituency (No. 177)
  • Rasskazovka constituency (No. 178)

Tver Oblast

Tomsk Oblast

  • Tomsk constituency (No. 181)
  • Ob constituency (No. 182)

Tula Oblast

  • Tula constituency (No. 183)
  • Novomoskovsk constituency (No. 184)

Tyumen Oblast

  • Tyumen constituency (No. 185)
  • Zavodoukovsk constituency (No. 186)

Ulyanovsk Oblast

  • Ulyanovsk constituency (No. 187)
  • Radishchevo constituency (No. 188)

Chelyabinsk Oblast

  • Chelyabinsk constituency (No. 189)
  • Metallurgichesky constituency (No. 190)
  • Korkinsky constituency (No. 191)
  • Magnitogorsk constituency (No. 192)
  • Zlatoust constituency (No. 193)

Yaroslavl Oblast

Moscow's Central constituency is often known as Russia's most pro-opposition constituency

Moscow Federal City

Saint Petersburg Federal City

  • Eastern constituency (No. 211)
  • Western constituency (No. 212)
  • Northern constituency (No. 213)
  • North East constituency (No. 214)
  • North West constituency (No. 215)
  • Central constituency (No. 216)
  • South East constituency (No. 217)
  • Southern constituency (No. 218)

Sevastopol Federal City

Jewish Autonomous Oblast

Nenets AO

  • Nenets constituency (No. 221)

Khanty-Mansi AO

  • Khanty-Mansiysk constituency (No. 222)
  • Nizhnevartovsk constituency (No. 223)

Chukotka AO

Yamalo-Nenets AO

  • Yamalo-Nenets constituency (No. 225)

Russian Gerrymandering

Gerrymandering is the process of drawing the boundaries of electoral districts to favor a certain political force.[2] In Russia, this comes through the "Lepestkovy" (Russian: лепестковый) drawing of constituencies.[3] These "Lepestkovy" drawing usually involves major cities and/or regional capitals being split up between multiple constituencies. This is done to split up urban voters (who tend to be more liberal) and pair them up with a bigger rural population. This is present in many of Russia's constituencies.

Volgograd Oblast, an excellent example of "Lepestkovy" Gerrymandering.
The 158th Constituency cuts right through Samara

Redistricting

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years.

The 2015-2025 layout was created on the basis that there are 109,902,583 voters in all of Russia.

The number of constituencies a Federal Subject is entitled to is determined using the Hare Quota. By dividing the total number of voters in Russia (109,902,583) by 225 (the total amount of Deputies, elected through single-mandate constituencies), you get 488,455.924, the desired average number of voters in a constituency, also known as the "Government Norm" (GN). The next step is to divide the number of voters in a Federal Subject by the GN, and then rounding down to the lowest whole number. If the remainder is sizeable, then the Federal Subject receives an additional constituency. Table with examples below.

Formula for determining the number of constituencies a Federal Subject receives.
Federal Subject Number of voters in the Federal Subject Number of voters in a Federal Subject ÷ GN Provisional number of constituencies Remainder Additional number of constituencies Final number of constituencies
Karelia 540,436 1.106 1 0.106 0 1
Tomsk Oblast 767,847 1.572 1 0.572 1 2
Dagestan 1,626,829 3.331 3 0.331 0 3
Altai Krai 1,899,225 3.888 3 0.888 1 4
Chelyabinsk Oblast 2,715,204 5.559 5 0.559 0 5
Moscow 7,318,019 14.982 14 0.982 1 15

Former Constituencies

Moscow Federal City

Ust-Orda Buryat AO

Russian State Duma Election results by constituency

2016 election results

Detailed Results of the 2016 Russian legislative Election by constituency.

Party Constituency Vote
Votes % Seats
United Russia 25,162,770 50.12 203
Communist Party of the Russian Federation 6,492,145 12.93 7
A Just Russia 5,017,645 10.00 7
Liberal Democratic Party of Russia 5,064,794 10.09 5
Rodina 1,241,642 2.47 1
Independent 429,051 0.85 1
Civic Platform 364,100 0.73 1
Communists of Russia 1,847,824 3.68 0
Yabloko 1,323,793 2.64 0
Party of Growth 1,171,259 2.33 0
The Greens 770,076 1.53 0
Patriots of Russia 704,197 1.40 0
People's Freedom Party 530,862 1.06 0
Civilian Power 79,922 0.16 0
Invalid/blank votes 1,767,725 – –
Total 51,967,805 (47.88%) 100 225
Registered voters 109,636,794 (100%) – –
Source: Central Election Commission

2021 election results

Results of the 2021 Russian legislative election by constituency.

Party Constituency Vote
Votes % Seats
United Russia 25,201,048 45.86 198
Communist Party of the Russian Federation 8,984,506 16.35 9
A Just Russia — For Truth 4,882,518 8.78 8
Independents 646,950 1.18 5
Liberal Democratic Party of Russia 3,234,113 5.89 2
Rodina 829,303 1.51 1
Party of Growth 515,020 0.94 1
Civic Platform 386,663 0.70 1
New People 2,684,082 4.88 0
Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice 1,969,986 3.58 0
Communists of Russia 1,639,774 2.98 0
Yabloko 1,091,837 1.99 0
The Greens 541,289 0.98 0
Russian Party of Freedom and Justice 372,867 0.68 0
Green Alternative 120,137 0.22 0
Invalid/blank votes 1,913,578 3.48 –
Total 55,013,671(50.83%) 100 225
Registered voters 108,231,085 (100%)
Source: Central Election Commission

References
  1. "1. Адыгейский одномандатный избирательный округ". Депутат Клуб (in Russian). 2016-03-15. Retrieved 2021-01-25.
  2. "ДЖЕРРИМЕНДЕРИНГ - это... Что такое ДЖЕРРИМЕНДЕРИНГ?". Словари и энциклопедии на Академике (in Russian). Retrieved 2021-07-30.
  3. "Егор Боратов: Лепестковая нарезка среднестатистического избирателя". polit.ru. Retrieved 2021-07-30.

See also
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