List of endemic species of Taiwan

Formosan serow Formosan macaque

• Order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

1. Formosan serow – Naemorhedus swinhoei (Gray)

• Order Insectivora (shrews)

1. Formosan shrew – Soriculus fumidus Thomas
2. Tada's shrew – Crocidura tadae Tokuda & Kano
3. Koshun shrew – Soriculus sodalis Thomas

• Order Rodentia (rodents)

1. Formosan field vole – Apodemus semotus Thomas
2. Spinous country-rat – Niviventer coxingi (Swinhoe)
3. Formosan white-bellied rat – Niviventer culturatus (Thomas)
4. Kikuchi's field vole – Microtus kikuchii (Kuroda)

• Order Primate (primates)

1. Formosan macaque – Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe)

• Order Chiroptera (bats)

1. Formosan long-eared bat – Plecotus taivanus Yoshiyuki
2. Formosan mouse-eared bat – Myotis taiwanensis Linde
3. Formosan tube-nosed bat – Murina puta Kishida
4. Yellow-necked bat – Arielulus torquatus Gabor & Lee
5. Formosan broad-muzzled bat – Myotis latirostris Kishida
6. Formosan leaf-nosed bat – Hipposideros terasensis Kisida
7. Formosan greater horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus formosae Sanborn
8. Formosan lesser horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus monoceros Andersen

Taiwan blue magpie Taiwan whistling thrush Mikado pheasant

17 endemic bird species and another 60 endemic subspecies of Taiwan have been identified (out of a total of 569 bird species). The seventeen endemic species make up about 3% of all birds living in Taiwan.

• Order Passeriformes (passerines and relatives)

1. Yellow tit – Parus holsti Seebohm
2. White-whiskered laughingthrush – Garrulax morrisonianus (Ogilvie-Grant)
3. White-eared sibia – Heterophasia auricularis (Swinhoe)
4. Taiwan yuhina – Yuhina brunneiceps Ogilvie-Grant
5. Taiwan barwing – Actinodura morrisoniana Ogilvie-Grant
6. Steere's liocichla – Liocichla steerii Swinhoe
7. Taiwan blue magpie – Urocissa caerulea (Gould)
8. Styan's bulbul – Pycnonotus taivanus Styan
9. Taiwan whistling thrush – Myophonus insularis Gould
10. Collared bush robin – Tarsiger johnstoniae (Ogilvie-Grant)
11. Flamecrest – Regulus goodfellowi Ogilvie-Grant
12. Taiwan bush warbler – Bradypterus alishanensis
13. Taiwan hwamei – Garrulax taewanus

• Order Galliformes (chicken-like birds)

1. Taiwan hill partridge – Arborophila crudigularis (Swinhoe)
2. Mikado pheasant – Syrmaticus mikado (Ogilivie-Grant)
3. Swinhoe's pheasant – Lophura swinhoii (Gould)

• Order Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)

1. Taiwan barbet – Megalaima nuchalis

• Order Squamata (lizards and snakes)

1. Formosan smooth skink – Scincella formosensis (Van Denburgh)
2. Taiwan forest skink – Sphenomorphus taiwanensis Chen & Lue
3. Lanyu scaly-toed gecko – Lepidodactylus yami Ota
4. Kikuchi's gecko – Gekko kikuchii (Oshima)
5. Gekko guishanicus Lin and Yao, 2016
6. Short-legged japalure – Diploderma brevipes Gressitt
7. Diploderma luei Ota, Chen & Shang, 1998
8. Maki's japalura – Diploderma makii Ota
9. Swinhoe's japalura – Diploderma swinhonis Gunther
10. Formosan legless lizard – Ophisaurus formosensis Kishida
11. Formosan grass lizard – Takydromus formosanus Boulenger
12. Sauteri grass lizard – Takydromus sauteri Van Denburgh
13. Hsuehshan grass lizard – Takydromus hsuehshanensis Lin & Cheng
14. Stejneger's grass lizard – Takydromus stejnegeri Van Denburgh
15. Hengchun blind snake – Typhlops koshunensis Oshima
16. Taiwan slug-eating snake – Pareas formosensis (Van Dengurgh)
17. Formosa odd-scaled snake – Achalinus formosanus Boulenger
18. Black odd-scaled snake – Achalinus niger Maki
19. Maki's keelback – Hebius miyajimae Maki
20. Swinhoe's grass snake – Rhabdophis swinhonis (Günther)
21. Formosa coral snake – Sinomicrurus sauteri (Steindachner)
22. Taiwan pit viper – Trimeresurus gracilis Oshima

• Order Anura (frogs and toads)

1. Central Formosan toad – Bufo bankorensis
2. Stejneger's narrow-mouthed toad – Micryletta steinegeri
3. Swinhoe's brown frog — Odorrana swinhoana
4. Taipa frog — Rana longicrus
5. Sauter's brown frog — Rana sauteri
6. Ota's stream tree frog – Buergeria otai
7. Robust Buerger's frog – Buergeria robusta
8. Kurixalus berylliniris
9. Temple treefrog – Kurixalus idiootocus
10. Kurixalus wangi
11. Farmland green treefrog – Rhacophorus arvalis
12. Orange-belly treefrog – Rhacophorus aurantiventris
13. Moltrecht's green tree frog – Rhacophorus moltrechti
14. Emerald green treefrog – Rhacophorus prasinatus
15. Taipei green treefrog – Rhacophorus taipeianus

• Order Urodela (salamanders and newts)

1. Alishan salamander – Hynobius arisanensis
2. Formosan salamander – Hynobius formosanus
3. Taiwan lesser salamander – Hynobius fuca
4. Nanhu salamander – Hynobius glacialis
5. Sonani's salamander – Hynobius sonani

Formosan landlocked salmon

• Order Cypriniformes (minnows and carp)

1. Taitung river loach – Hemimyzon taitungensis Tzeng et Shen
2. Formosan river loach – Hemimyzon formosanus (Boulenger)
3. Shen's river loach – Hemimyzon sheni Chen et Fang
4. River loach – Formosania lacustris (Steindachner)
5. Pulin river loach – Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang
6. Metzia mesembrinum (Regan)
7. Pararasbora moltrechti Regan
8. Acrossocheilus paradoxus (Günther)
9. Lake Candidus dace – Candidia barbata (Regan)
10. Microphysogobio alticorpus Banarescu et Nalbant
11. Taiwan ku fish – Onychostoma alticorpus (Oshima)
12. Freshwater minnow – Opsariichthys pachycephalus Günther
13. Gobiobotia cheni Banarescu et Nalbant
14. Microphysogobio brevirostris (Günther)
15. Aphyocypris kikuchii (Oshima)
16. Squalidus iijimae (Oshima)

• Order Perciformes (perch-like fishes)

1. Goby – Rhinogobius gigas Aonuma et Chen
2. Goby – Rhinogobius formosanus Oshima
3. Goby – Cryptocentrus yatsui Tomiyama
4. Goby – Rhinogobius nantaiensis Aonuma et Chen
5. Goby – Rhinogobius henchuenensis Chen et Shao
6. Goby – Rhinogobius delicatus Chen et Shao
7. Goby – Rhinogobius maculafasciatus Chen et Shao
8. Goby – Rhinogobius rubromaculatus Lee et Chang
9. Goby – Myersina yangii (Chen)
10. Goby – Rhinogobius lanyuensis Chen, Miller et Fang

• Order Siluriformes (catfishes)

1. Formosan trooent catfish – Liobagrus formosanus Regan
2. Bagrid catfish – Pseudobagrus adiposalis Oshima
3. Bagrid catfish – Pseudobagrus brevianalis Regan

• Order Osmeriformes (smelts, galaxiids, and relatives)

1. Ariake icefish – Neosalanx acuticeps Regan (endangered)[2]

• Order Salmoniformes (salmons and trouts)

1. Formosan landlocked salmon – Oncorhynchus formosanus (Jordan et Oshima)