Germany–Ukraine relations

German Chancellor Angela Merkel (center) with Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko (left), 7 February 2015. American Vice President Joe Biden is to the right.

• 1918 - In the aftermath of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty, German troops provided military assistance to Ukraine against the Soviet Russia; German military administration was instrumental in Pavlo Skoropadskyi coup against the Ukrainian People's Republic (April 1918) and the establishment of the short-lived Ukrainian State; the first German Ambassador to Ukraine was Alfons Mumm von Schwarzenstein; the first Ukrainian Ambassador to Germany was Oleksandr Sevriuk (as Chargé d'affaires) who was replaced with Teodor Shteingel.
• 1941-1944 - German troops (with the help of Italians, Romanians, and Hungarians) occupy most of Soviet Ukraine and portioning between General Government and Reichskommissariat Ukraine; OUN's Ukrainian Insurgent Army alternates between fighting the Germans and accepting their help against the Soviets.
• 1944-1950s - surviving OUN leaders find refuge in the US occupation zone of Germany, which becomes home to many Ukrainian displaced persons
• 1953 - Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (then called "Radio Liberation") starts its operations in Munich, broadcasting to Ukraine in Ukrainian
• 1959 - Stepan Bandera killed in Munich by a Soviet agent
• 2011 - the Nord Stream makes Ukraine economically vulnerable
• 2014 - Germany belongs to the Normandy format.
• 2014 - EU sanctions against Russia. Ostpolitik policy was dramatically shaken after 2014 as Russia threatened Ukraine, seized Crimea, and sponsored fighting in eastern Ukraine bordering on civil war. Berlin denounced Moscow’s actions as a violation of international law, and took a leadership role in formulating EU sanctions. However, Germany depends heavily on Russian energy supplies via the Nord Stream pipeline, so it has proceeded cautiously and opposes American efforts to cancel Nord Stream.[1]
• 2018 - the planned Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline from Russia to Germany was opposed by Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko.[2]

Germany has an embassy in Kyiv and 1 Consulate-General in Donetsk (due to Russian aggression (War in Donbass) temporarily in Dnipro).[3][4]

Ukraine has an embassy in Berlin and 3 Consulates-General in Frankfurt, Hamburg and Munich.

• Germany has an embassy in Kyiv.
• Ukraine has an embassy in Berlin and consulates-general in Frankfurt, Düsseldorf, Hamburg and Munich.

• 
  Embassy of Germany in Kyiv
• 
  Embassy of Ukraine in Berlin

• Ukrainian diaspora
• Cold War II
• Ukrainians in Germany
• Germans in Ukraine
• Ukraine–EU relations
• Russo-Ukrainian War

• Dembińska, Magdalena, and Frederic Mérand, eds. Cooperation and Conflict between Europe and Russia (Routledge, 2021).
• Fix, Liana. "The different ‘shades’ of German power: Germany and EU foreign policy during the Ukraine Conflict." German Politics 27.4 (2018): 498-515. online
• Siddi, Marfco. "German foreign policy towards Russia in the aftermath of the Ukraine crisis: A new Ostpolitik?." Europe-Asia Studies 68.4 (2016): 665-677.

• German Foreign Ministry about relations with Ukraine
• German embassy in Kyiv (in German and Ukrainian only)
• Ukrainian embassy in Berlin (in German and Ukrainian only)