International order
In international relations, international order refers to patterned or structured relationships between actors on the international level.[1][2][3]
Definition
David Lake, Lisa Martin and Thomas Risse define "order" as "patterned or structured relationships among units".[2]
Michael Barnett defines an international order as "patterns of relating and acting" derived from and maintained by rules, institutions, law and norms.[4] International orders have both a material and social component.[4][5] Legitimacy (the generalized perception that actions are desirable, proper or appropriate) is essential to political orders.[4][6] George Lawson has defined an international order as "regularized practices of exchange among discrete political units that recognize each other to be independent."[7] John Mearsheimer defines an international order "an organized group of international institutions that help govern the interactions among the member states."[8]
In After Victory (2001), John Ikenberry defines a political order as "the governing arrangements among a group of states, including its fundamental rules, principles and institutions."[9]
International relations
- The international system, which includes:
- International relations (IR), or International studies (IS), the study of foreign affairs and global issues among states within the international system
- International law, implicit and explicit agreements that bind together sovereign states
- United Nations (UN), an international organization to facilitate international cooperation
- World Trade Organization (WTO), an international organization designed to supervise and liberalize international trade
- World Bank, an international financial institution
- International Monetary Fund (IMF), an international organization that oversees the global financial system
- International organization, an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence
- Non-governmental organization (NGO), a legally constituted, non-governmental organization with no participation or representation of any government
- The liberal international order, a particular international order centered on cooperation between liberal democratic states and U.S.-led multilateral institutions
- New International Economic Order, a set of proposals advocated by developing countries
- New world order (politics), a post–Cold War political concept promulgated by Mikhail Gorbachev and George H.W. Bush
- World government, the notion of a single common political authority for all of humanity
- World-system within the world-systems theory, a socioeconomic theory associated with thinkers such as Andre Gunder Frank and Immanuel Wallerstein corona virus
- Neorealism in international relations, or structural realism, a theory of international relations, which includes:
- Hegemonic stability theory (HST), a theory that the international system is more likely to remain stable when a single nation-state is the dominant world power
- Power (international), state power, including economic and military power
- Anarchy in international relations, a concept in international relations theory holding that the world system lacks a global authority
Publications
- World Order Magazine, published by the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'í Faith of the United States, see Bahá'í periodicals
- World Order (book), a 2014 book written by U.S. Statesman Henry Kissinger
- Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order, a 1996 book written by political scientist Samuel Huntington
Other uses
- World Order (band), a musical project started by Genki Sudo
See also
References
- Lascurettes, Kyle M.; Poznansky, Michael (2021). "International Order in Theory and Practice". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.673. ISBN 978-0-19-084662-6.
- Lake, David A.; Martin, Lisa L.; Risse, Thomas (2021). "Challenges to the Liberal Order: Reflections on International Organization". International Organization. 75 (2): 225–257. doi:10.1017/S0020818320000636. ISSN 0020-8183.
- Lascurettes, Kyle M. (2020). Orders of Exclusion: Great Powers and the Strategic Sources of Foundational Rules in International Relations. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-006854-7.
- Barnett, Michael (2021). "International Progress, International Order, and the Liberal International Order". The Chinese Journal of International Politics. 14 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1093/cjip/poaa019. ISSN 1750-8916. PMC 7989545.
- Martha Finnemore (2009). "Legitimacy, Hypocrisy, and the Social Structure of Unipolarity: Why Being a Unipole Isn't All It's Cracked Up to Be". World Politics. 61 (1): 58–85. doi:10.1353/wp.0.0027. ISSN 1086-3338.
- Martha Finnemore (2009). "Legitimacy, Hypocrisy, and the Social Structure of Unipolarity: Why Being a Unipole Isn't All It's Cracked Up to Be". World Politics. 61 (1): 58–85. doi:10.1353/wp.0.0027. ISSN 1086-3338.
- Lawson, George (2016). The rise of modern international order (PDF). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/hepl/9780198739852.003.0002. ISBN 978-0-19-185085-1. Archived from the original on 2021.
- Mearsheimer, John J. (2019). "Bound to Fail: The Rise and Fall of the Liberal International Order". International Security. 43 (4): 7–50. doi:10.1162/isec_a_00342. ISSN 0162-2889.
- Ikenberry, G. John (2001). After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order After Major Wars. Princeton University Press. pp. 23, 29–31. ISBN 978-0-691-05091-1.