List of majority-minority United States congressional districts

A majority-minority district is an electoral district, such as a United States congressional district, in which the majority of the constituents in the district are racial or ethnic minorities (as opposed to Non-Hispanic whites in the U.S.). Race is collected through the decennial United States Census.

Majority-minority districts may be created to avoid or remedy violations of the Voting Rights Act of 1965's prohibitions on drawing redistricting plans that diminish the ability of a racial or language minority to elect its candidates of choice. In some instances, majority-minority districts may result from affirmative racial gerrymandering. The value of drawing district lines to create majority-minority districts is a matter of dispute both within and outside of minority communities. Some view majority-minority districts as a way to dilute the voting power of minorities and analogous to racial segregation; others favor majority-minority districts as ways to effectively ensure the election of minorities to legislative bodies, including the House of Representatives. Majority-minority districts have been the subject of legal cases examining the constitutionality of such districts, including Shaw v. Reno (1993), Miller v. Johnson (1995), and Bush v. Vera (1996).

Districts with an African-American majority

Population data are from 2019 Census American Community Survey One-Year Estimates. Districts in the table below reflect the 117th Congress.

Currently, there are 22 congressional districts where African Americans make up a majority of constituents. Every district is represented by Democrats. There are two African American majority congressional districts that are represented by someone who is not African American; Steve Cohen from Tennessee's 9th and Rashida Tlaib from Michigan's 13th.

Congressional Districts with African American Majorities
RankPerc.StateDistrict117th CongressTotal 2019Afric. Amer.
1[1]65.7%TennesseeTN-09Steve Cohen (non-Black)700,497455,867
2[2]65.6%MississippiMS-02Bennie Thompson692,452464,171
3[3]63.4%AlabamaAL-07Terri Sewell670,015419,256
4[4]62.2%LouisianaLA-02Troy Carter788,021484,763
5[5]59.1%GeorgiaGA-04Hank Johnson782,142476,112
6[6]58.5%GeorgiaGA-05Nikema Williams788,996436,884
7[7]57.9%GeorgiaGA-13David Scott802,943494,566
8[8]57%South CarolinaSC-06Jim Clyburn665,215361,328
9[9]56.9%MichiganMI-14Brenda Lawrence689,939385,996
10[10]56.3%IllinoisIL-02Robin Kelly685,695383,058
11[11]55.6%MichiganMI-13Rashida Tlaib (non-Black)672,291363,772
12[12]55%New YorkNY-08Hakeem Jeffries776,825403,080
13[13]54%PennsylvaniaPA-03Dwight Evans741,654418,050
14[14]53.8%MarylandMD-07Kweisi Mfume717,158376,343
16[15]53.4%FloridaFL-20Vacant802,463424,842
17[16]52.9%MarylandMD-04Anthony G. Brown758,795397,281
15[17]53.5%OhioOH-11Shontel Brown684,617362,284
19[18]51.6%GeorgiaGA-02Sanford Bishop671,831354,964
20[19]51.3%IllinoisIL-01Bobby Rush711,039359,132
18[20]52.7%New JerseyNJ-10Donald Payne Jr.761,783388,608
21[21]50.6%FloridaFL-24Frederica Wilson754,731355,273
22[22]50.5%New YorkNY-09Yvette Clarke720,316336,566

Districts with an Asian-American majority

Currently, Asian-Americans make up the majority of constituents in two districts. California's 17th represented by Indian-American Ro Khanna and Hawaii's 1st represented by non-Asian Ed Case. Both are Democrats.

Congressional Districts with Asian-American majorities
RankPerc.StateDistrictMemberTotal 2019Asian Amer.
1[23]52.7%CaliforniaCA-17Ro Khanna790,519439,547
2[24]50.2%HawaiiHI-01Ed Case (non-Asian)720,786364,354

Districts with a Hispanic/Latino majority


Congressional Districts with Hispanic/Latino Majorities
RankPerc.StateDistrictCongressional Hispanic C…Total 2010Hispanic
182.5%TexasTX-15Vicente González787,124649,297
281.5%TexasTX-16Veronica Escobar757,427617,465
378.9%TexasTX-28Henry Cuellar851,824672,129
478.7%CaliforniaCA-34Jimmy Gomez654,303515,167
576.0%TexasTX-29Sylvia Garcia677,032514,861
675.4%CaliforniaCA-38Linda Sánchez641,410483,490
773.5%IllinoisIL-04Jesús "Chuy" García601,156442,018
873.2%TexasTX-27Michael Cloud (Republican)741,993543,306
971.6%FloridaFL-25Mario Díaz-Balart (Republican)807,176577,998
1071.5%TexasTX-20Joaquin Castro711,705509,208
1170.4%CaliforniaCA-20Jimmy Panetta744,350523,705
1268.5%CaliforniaCA-51Juan Vargas757,891473,224
1368.2%CaliforniaCA-31Pete Aguilar611,336417,183
1466.4%TexasTX-23Tony Gonzales (Republican)847,651562,913
1566.1%New YorkNY-15Ritchie Torres731,101483,258
1662.6%CaliforniaCA-32Grace Napolitano642,236412,275
1761.6%ArizonaAZ-03Raúl Grijalva698,314446,159
1856.0%ArizonaAZ-07Ruben Gallego855,769479,014
1951.8%New MexicoNM-02Yvette Herrell (Republican)663,956343,856
2051.2%CaliforniaCA-21David Valadao (Republican)784,176401,194

Districts with an African-American plurality

Districts with a Hispanic/Latino plurality

Districts with a white plurality (majority-minority)

See also

References
  1. "My Congressional District: Tennessee's 9th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  2. "My Congressional District: Mississippi's 2nd". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  3. "My Congressional District: Alabama's 7th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  4. "My Congressional District: Louisiana's 2nd". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  5. "My Congressional District: Georgia's 4th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  6. "My Congressional District: Georgia's 5th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  7. "My Congressional District: Georgia's 13th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  8. "My Congressional District: South Carolina's 6th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  9. "My Congressional District: Michigan's 14th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  10. "My Congressional District: Illinois's 2nd". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  11. "My Congressional District: Michigan's 13th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  12. "My Congressional District: New York's 8th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  13. "My Congressional District: Pennsylvania's 3rd". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  14. "My Congressional District: Maryland's 7th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  15. "My Congressional District: Florida's 20th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  16. "My Congressional District: Maryland's 4th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  17. "My Congressional District: Ohio's 11th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  18. "My Congressional District: Georgia's 2nd". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  19. "My Congressional District: Illinois's 1st". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  20. "My Congressional District: New Jersey's 10th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  21. "My Congressional District: Florida's 24th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  22. "My Congressional District: New York's 9th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  23. "My Congressional District: California's 17th". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  24. "My Congressional District: Hawaii's 1st". Census.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
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