Provisional National Defence Council

The Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) was the name of the Ghanaian government after the People's National Party's elected government was overthrown by Jerry Rawlings, the former head of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council, in a coup d'état on 31 December 1981. He remained in power until 7 January 1993. In a statement, Rawlings said that a "holy war" was necessary due to the PNP's failure to provide effective leadership and the collapse of the national economy and state services.

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The PNDC was a military dictatorship that induced civilians to participate in governance. Most of its members were civilians. Its policies reflected a revolutionary government that was pragmatic in its approach. The economic objectives of the PNDC were to halt Ghana's economic decay, stabilize the economy, and stimulate economic growth. The PNDC also brought a change in the people’s attitude from a 'government will provide' position to participating in nation-building.

The PNDC provided a new constitution in 1992 and held elections that year. Rawlings's party, the NDC, won the presidential election with 58% of the vote. The opposition boycotted the subsequent parliamentary elections.[1]

Members

The seven original members of the PNDC from its inception were as follows:

Brigadier Nunoo-Mensah, who had been retired by the Limann government, was recalled as Chief of Defence Staff and the second-in-command of the PNDC. Reverend Damuah was an outspoken priest of the Roman Catholic Church in Ghana. Joachim Amartey Quaye was a labour leader who led a strike at the Ghana Industrial Holding Corporation (GIHOC) and was removed by Hilla Limann's government. Chris Bukari Atim was a student leader and friend of Jerry Rawlings. Adjei Buadi and Akata Pore were junior ranks in the Ghana Air Force.[2]

Departures and replacements

Over the years, some people were added to the membership and others left. A number left in 1982 due to ideological differences. Joachim Amartey Quaye was executed for his involvement in the murder of three senior judges and a retired army officer. Rev. Damuah who was suspended from the Catholic Church because of his involvement in the government left in late 1982 and started his own church later called the Afrikania Mission, an organization devoted to the promotion of African Traditional Religion.[3]

August 1992 onwards — final membership
  • Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings - Chairman
  • Justice D. F. Annan
  • Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu
  • Captain (rtd) Kojo Tsikata
  • P. V. Obeng
  • Lieutenant General Arnold Quainoo
  • Air Vice Marshal Dumashie
  • Dr. Mrs. Mary Grant

Membership

PNDC Members

Position Name Dates Notes
Head of state of Ghana and ChairmanFlight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings1981 – 1993
Chief of the Defence StaffBrigadier Joseph Nunoo-Mensah1981 – 1982
MemberVincent Kwabena Damuah1982Catholic priest
MemberWarrant Officer I Joseph Adjei Buadi1981 – December 1984[10]
MemberSergeant Daniel Alolga Akata Pore1981 – 1982
MemberJoachim Amartey Quaye1981 – August 1982Union leader
MemberChris Bukari Atim1981 – 1982Student leader
MemberAanaa Naamua Enin[11]August 1982[4][12] – December 1989
MemberEbo Tawiah[11]August 1982[4] – ?Trade Union leader
MemberAlhaji Mahama Iddrisu[13][11]1982 – 1993Politician and businessman
MemberCaptain Kojo Tsikata[11]1982 – 1993Security adviser and retired soldier
Chairman of Committee of SecretariesPaul Victor Obeng[11]1982 – 1993Former student leader and Mechanical Engineer
MemberLieutenant General Arnold Quainoo[11]1982 – 1993Chief of Defence Staff
MemberNaa Polku Konkuu Chiiri1983[6] – 1984Nandom Naa
Died in office
Member and Chairman of the
National Commission for Democracy		Justice Daniel Francis Annan[11]1984 – 1993Retired Appeals Court Judge
MemberSusanna Al-Hassan1985 – 1987Ghana's first female minister in 1961 and author
MemberMaj. Gen. Winston C. M. Mensa-Wood[11]1987 – 1992Chief of the Defence Staff
Died in office
MemberMary Grant1989 – 1993Medical doctor
MemberAir Vice Marshal A. H. K. Dumashie1992 – 1993Chief of Defence Staff

Secretaries

The officials in charge of the various ministries were designated as Secretaries of state.

List of secretaries (ministers) of state

Portfolio Secretary Time frame Notes
Chairman of Committee of SecretariesPaul Victor Obeng1982 – 1993
Secretary for Foreign AffairsObed Asamoah[14]1982 – 1993
Secretary for the InteriorJohnny F. S. Hansen[15]Jan 1982 – Apr 1982
J. M. Ewa[15]Apr 1982 – Dec 1982
Kofi Djin[15]Dec 1982 – Nov 1985
Major General Winston Mensa-Wood[16][14]Nov 1985 – Oct 1987
Nii Okaidja Adamafio[16]Oct 1987 – May 1991
Nana Akuoko Sarpong[16]May 1991 – Mar 1992
Colonel E. M. Osei-Wusu[16]Mar 1992 – Jan 1993
Secretary for FinanceKwesi Botchwey[14]1982 – 1993
Secretary for DefenceNaa Polku Konkuu Chirii[17]1982 – Nov 1983
Rear Admiral C. K. Dzang[17]22 Nov 1983 – 1985
Mahama Iddrisu[17][13]1985 – 6 Jan 1993
Attorney General and Secretary for JusticeG. E. K. Aikins[14]1983 – 1992
E.G. Tanoh1992 – 1993
Secretary for Education and CultureChristina Ama Ata Aidoo1982 – 1983
V. C. Dadson1983
Joyce Aryee[14]1985 – 1987
Mohammed Ben Abdallah[18]1986 – 1987
Adisa Munkaila1988 – 1989
Mary Grant1989 – 1993
Secretary for Agriculture[19]Eugene Bortei-Doku[20]Jan 1982 – Dec 1983
John Akparibo Ndebugre1984 – 1985
Isaac Adjei-Marfo[21]1985 – 1986
Stephen Obimpeh[14]1986 – 1992
Ibrahim Adams1992 – 1993
Secretary for Cocoa AffairsIsaac Adjei-Marfo ? – ?
Secretary for Chieftaincy AffairsE.G. Tanoh1987 – 1992
Nana Akuoko Sarpong1992 – 1993
Secretary for Trade
Secretary for Trade and Tourism		K. B. Asante[22]1982 – 1986
Kofi Djin[14]1986 – 1992
John Bawa1992 – 1993
Secretary for Culture and TourismAsiedu Yirenkyi1982 – 1984
Mohammed Ben Abdallah[14] ? – 1986
Secretary for Local Government and Rural DevelopmentJohn Agyekum Kufuor1982
William H. Yeboah1986
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[14]c. 1986
Joyce Aryee[18]1986 – 1988
Kwamena Ahwoi ? – ?
Secretary for Rural Development and Co-operativesKofi Acquaah Harrison[18]1982 – 1986
Secretary for Fuel and PowerE. Appiah Korang[14]1983 – 1987
Ato Ahwoi1987 – 1993
Secretary for Transport and CommunicationsMahama Iddrisu1983 – 1986
Kwame M. Peprah[14]1986 – 1987
Yaw Donkor1987 – 1992
Kwame M. Peprah1992 – 1993
Secretary for Roads and HighwaysYaw E. O. Donkor[14]1983 – 1987
Mensah Gbedemah1987 – 1992
Richard Commey1992 – 1993
Secretary for Lands and Natural ResourcesKwesi Renner1983 – 1986
George Adamu[14]1986 – 1987
Kwame Peprah1987 – 1992
J. A. Dansoh1992 – 1993
Secretary for Industry, Science and TechnologyG. B. Opoku1983 – 1986
Francis Acquah[14]1986 – 1992
K. A. Butah1992 – 1993
Secretary for InformationJoyce Aryee1982 – 1985
Kofi Totobi Quakyi[14]1985 – 1993
Secretary for HealthCharles Buadu1983 – 1986
E. G. Tanoh[23]c. 1986
Air Commodore F. W. Klutse[14]1986 – 1988
Nana Akuoko Sarpong1988 – 1991
Stephen Obimpeh1992 – 1993
Secretary for Labour and Social Welfare
Secretary for Mobilization and Productivity		Adisa Munkaila1982 – 1983
Ato Austin1983 – 1986
W. H. Yeboah[14]1986 – 1987
Huudu Yahaya[24]c. 1988
George Adamu ? – 1992
D. S. Boateng1992 – 1993
Secretary for Works and HousingMawuse Dake
Kofi Sam[14]c. 1986
Alhassan Abubakar
Emmanuel Appiah Korang
Kenneth Ampratwum
Secretary for Youth and SportsZaya Yeebo[25]1982 – 1983
Amarkai Amarteifio1983 – 1986
Ato Austin[14]1986 – 1992
Arnold Quainoo1992 – 1993
Regional Secretaries
Ashanti Regional SecretaryJ. Y. Ansah ? – ?
Colonel Osei Owusu[26]c. 1986
Brong Ahafo RegionJ. H. Owusu-Acheampong1982 – ?
Colonel Alex Amtwi[26]c. 1986
Central RegionAto Austin1988 – 1993
Lt. Colonel E. A. Baidoo[26]c. 1986
Eastern RegionFred Ohene-Kena1982 – ?
Daniel O. Agyekum[18][26] ? – 1986
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[18]1986 – ?
Greater Accra Regional SecretaryNii Okaidja Adamafio1982 – ?
Selina Taylor[13][26]c. 1986
Northern RegionThomas Ibrahim1982 – ?
D. S. Zachariah[26]c. 1986
Upper East RegionKundab Mobilla1982 – ?
J. E. Sakyi[26]c. 1986
Upper West RegionYelibora Antumini1982 – ?
Volta Regional SecretaryFrancis Agbley1982 – ?
Richard Seglah[26]c. 1986
Western RegionJ. R. E. Amenlema1982 – ?
Colonel W. A. Thompson[26]c. 1986

References
  1. Jeffries, Richard & Thomas, Clare (1993). "The Ghanaian Elections of 1992". African Affairs. 92 (368): 331–366. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098639.
  2. "COUNCIL NAMED TO RULE GHANA". The New York Times: 3. 13 January 1982. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  3. "Ghana - Libation issue rears up again". African News Bulletin. Archived from the original on 2011-05-26. Retrieved 2010-07-22.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. Asamoah, Obed Y. (2014). The political history of Ghana (1950-2013) : the experience of a non-conformist. Bloomington, IN. p. 299. ISBN 978-1496985644. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  5. Martin K.I Christensen. "Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership". Retrieved 2010-06-05.
  6. "New PNDC Member". Ghana News. Embassy of Ghana. 12 (1): 12. January 1983. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
  7. Ghana News Agency. "Justice Daniel Francis Annan". Ghana Famous People. Ghana Home Page. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
  8. "The Rawlings Revolution". GhanaDistricts.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
  9. ""Chapter 2— Ghana in Economic Crisis" in The Politics of Reform in Ghana, 1982–1991". p. 32. Retrieved 2007-04-28.
  10. Ray, Donald I. (1986). Ghana, Politics, Economics and Society. Columbia University Pr. pp. 31–34. ISBN 978-0931477621.
  11. "PNDC Members". Ghana News. Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana. 15 (5): 2. May 1986.
  12. "Algeria ready with oil aid". Ghana News. Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana. 12 (1): 11. January 1983. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
  13. "Staff College marks 10th year". Ghana News. Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana. 15 (8): 1. 1986. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  14. "PNDC Secretaries". Ghana News. Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana. 15 (5): 2. May 1986.
  15. "Past Ministers (3)". Official website. Ministry of Interior, Ghana. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
  16. "Past Ministers (2)". Official website. Ministry of Interior, Ghana. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
  17. "MINISTER FOR DEFENCE". www.mod.gov.gh. Ghana Government. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  18. "Changes in Designation of Ministries and Assignment of Portfolios". Ghana News. Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana. 15 (8): 14. September 1986. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  19. "Former Heads of MoFA". Official website. Ministry of Food and Agriculture. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  20. 1984 Training for Agriculture and Rural Development. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1985. p. 87. ISBN 978-92-5-102139-2. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  21. "Ghana To Receive $15 Grant From IFAD". Ghana News. Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana. 15 (5): 7. May 1986.
  22. Tawiah, Kofi Owusu. "K.B. Asante, the patriot, diplomat and writer". Ghanweb.com. GhanaWeb. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  23. "Ghana In Favour Of National Health Insurance Scheme". Ghana News. Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana. 15 (5): 7. May 1986.
  24. Clegg, Sam, ed. (29 November 1988). "Yahaya attends ILO confab". Daily Graphic. Accra: Graphic Communications Group Ltd (11830): 16. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  25. "Today in history: Ghana won its fourth AFCON title". Ghanaweb.com. GhanaWeb. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  26. "PNDC Regional Secretaries". Ghana News. Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana. 15 (5): 2. May 1986.
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