Queen Munhwa

Queen Munhwa of the Seonsan Gim clan (Korean: 문화왕후 김씨; Hanja: 文和王后 金氏) was a Korean Queen Consort as the second wife of King Seongjong of Goryeo and the mother of Hyeonjong of Goryeo's first consort, Queen Wonjeong.[1] She was the first Goryeo's Daebi even there was King Taejo's daughter who became Daebi too, Sunan Daebi.

She was born in "Seonju" (nowadays is Seonsan-eup, Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do) as the daughter of Gim Won-sung (김원숭, 金元崇) and Lady Wang (부인 왕씨, 夫人 王氏).[2] After her marriage with King Seongjong, she was formally called as Princess Yeonheung (Korean: 연흥궁주; Hanja: 延興宮主) while lived in "Yeonheung Palace" (연흥궁, 延興宮) and Princess Hyeondeok (Korean: 현덕궁주; Hanja: 玄德宮主) since lived in "Hyeondeok Palace" (현덕궁, 玄德宮).[3] They later had a daughter (the future Queen Wonjeong) and she was said to raised and take care to her husband's two nephews (Mokjong and Hyeonjong) since all of their parents were died. During Hyeonjong's reign, she couldn't became the Taehu (queen mother) and instead became Daebi (grand consort; 대비, 大妃) in 1029 with had the same power like queen mother.[3] Then, various government positions, lands and honours were granted to her families.

Although her death date was unknown, but from the day she became grand consort in 1029, it was presumed that she died after that. Her funeral procedure became a precedent for Queen Wonmok and Consort Wonsun because when King Munjong discussed what to do with Queen Wonmok's rite, he prepared a plan based on the example of Queen Munhwa.

The Queen's official residence, Hyeondeok Palace, was inherited by her only daughter, Queen Wonjeong (a.k.a. "Queen Hyeondeok"; 현덕왕후, 玄德王后). Then, it was used as a royal palace by King Chungsuk.