Zhu Yuyue

Zhu Yuyue (Chinese: 朱聿鐭; pinyin: Zhū Yùyuè;[1] died January 1647), the Prince of Tang (Chinese: 唐王; pinyin: Tángwáng), reigned as the Shaowu Emperor (Chinese: 紹武; pinyin: Shàowǔ) of the Southern Ming from 1646 to 1647.

Shaowu Emperor
紹武帝
Emperor of the Southern Ming
Reign11 December 1646 – 20 January 1647
PredecessorLongwu Emperor
SuccessorYongli Emperor
Prince of Tang
Tenure1645–1646
PredecessorZhu Yujian
SuccessorZhu Yu'e
Died1647
Burial
Shaowu Junchen Zhong, Mukegang, Yuexiu Hill, Guangzhou
Names
Family name: Zhu (朱)
Given name: Yuyue (聿鐭[1])
Era name and dates
Shaowu (紹武): (unused)
Posthumous name
none
Temple name
Wenzong (文宗)[2][3]
HouseZhu
DynastySouthern Ming
FatherZhu Qisheng
In this Chinese name, the family name is Zhu.

Life

He was a descendant of the first Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. Before ascending to the throne he followed his father as the Prince of Tang and elder brother, the future Longwu Emperor, their fief being situated in Nanyang prefecture, in Henan province. In 1646 he succeeded the title of Prince of Tang after the accession of the Longwu Emperor.

When Qing forces captured Fuzhou in early October 1646 and killed the Longwu Emperor, he fled to Guangzhou. That December, at the behest of several high officials, he ascended to the Ming throne in Guangzhou, taking the reign title Shaowu (紹武; pinyin: Shàowǔ), just a few days before the Prince of Gui became the Yongli Emperor.

Both regimes claimed to be the legitimate successor of the Ming dynasty, and war broke out shortly afterwards. Initially, forces of the Shaowu regime enjoyed victory over the Yongli forces. This ultimately led to the overconfidence of the Shaowu Emperor. Corruption and lack of defense doomed the government. Just 40 days after the establishment of the Shaowu regime, Qing forces successfully invaded Guangzhou. The Shaowu Emperor was captured in January 1647 and immediately committed suicide. Shaowu Emperor does not have a temple name.

The remains of the Shaowu Emperor and his officials are buried in Yuexiu Park, Guangzhou.

References
  1. The rare character 𨮁 cannot be seen with many browsers' fonts. It looks like the combination [金粵] (see U+028B81 in Unihan database) and is pronounced "yuè" according to dictionaries such as zdic.net. Many online sources substitute for the rare character 𨮁 the more common character 鐭, which has a different element on the right. The name is transcribed as Zhu Yuyue e.g. in Frederic E Wakeman, Jr., 'The Great Enterprise'.
  2. Zhao Yule (趙雨樂) (3 January 2017). 《近代南來文人的香港印象與國族意識》 (in Chinese). People's Republic of China: Joint Publishing (Hong Kong) Company Limited. p. 302. ISBN 9789620440854. 而紹武即是指南明文宗(朱聿鐭，1605-1647)，在清兵入關後逃到廣州一帶，登基稱帝，然而只四十日就旋即敗亡。
  3. Kenneth Swope (1 July 2018). 《On the Trail of the Yellow Tiger: War, Trauma, and Social Dislocation in Southwest China During the Ming-Qing Transition》. United States of America: University of Nebraska Press. p. 313. ISBN 9780803249950. Late Ming Dynasty Reigns，TEMPLE NAME：Wenzong；REING TITLE：Shaowu；DATES：1646
  • This article is based on a translation from the Chinese Wikipedia.
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