Tufting

Tufting is a type of textile weaving in which a thread is inserted on a primary base. It is an ancient technique for making warm garments, especially mittens. After the knitting is done, short U-shaped loops of extra yarn are introduced through the fabric from the outside so that their ends point inwards (e.g., towards the hand inside the mitten).

Usually, the tuft yarns form a regular array of "dots" on the outside, sometimes in a contrasting color (e.g., white on red). On the inside, the tuft yarns may be tied for security, although they need not be. The ends of the tuft yarns are then frayed, so that they will subsequently felt, creating a dense, insulating layer within the knitted garment.

example of a tufting gun (cut pile)

A Tufting Gun is a tool commonly used to automate the tufting process, more specifically in the realm of rug making. The yarn is fed through a hollow needle, that penetrates the stretched cloth backing for a modifiable length.[1]

They can usually create two types of rugs, a cut or loop pile. A cut pile rug’s yarn is snipped every other loop into the backing, creating a “U” shape from the side profile, while a loop pile rug isn’t snipped and creates a continuous “M” or “W”.[2] Tufting guns are useful tools for both mass production and home use due to its flexibility in scale and color variation.