1755 in Canada

Events from the year 1755 in Canada.

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Events
  • 1755-75 - William Johnson, British superintendent of Indian affairs in the northern colonies, persuades the Iroquois League to break its neutrality and side with England against France.
  • Monday June 16 - Fort Beausejour, garrisoned by 400 Frenchmen, is surrendered to Col. Winslow, of Massachusetts, commanding 2,300, of whom 300 are regulars.
  • July: Seven British Colonial Governors form a Treaty with the Iroquois, and project a federal union for carrying on war, under a president to be named by the King.
  • Tuesday July 15 - Announcement, in England, of the capture of French troops on their way to Canada.
  • Monday September 8 - Baron Dieskay, with 1,500 French and Indian troops, overcomes Col. Williams, with 1,400 English and Indians, near Fort George. Immediately afterwards, the French attack Col. Johnson's force, barricaded at Fort George, but are repelled, with heavy loss. The two commanders are wounded, and the two opposing Indian chiefs are killed. Baron Dieskay is captured by the English, who dress his wounds and earn his lifelong gratitude by their kindness.
  • For his success at Fort George, Col. Johnson is made a baronet, with a grant of 5,000 pounds.
  • The Great Expulsion begins. English Expulsion of the French Acadians—who lived and intermarried with Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Mi'kmaqs (many of whom were also taken). Forcibly loaded into ships and deposited randomly along the southern (now American) coasts, many (probably 1/3 to 1/2) died. Some are ancestors of the Cajuns of Louisiana, and a few made their ways back home. Acadians were idealists, hostile to King and Church authority, who lived in peace with the Mi'kmaqs. Neither the French rulers nor the English wanted them.

Deaths

Historical documents

In last pre-war negotiations, British insist Lower Lakes and St. Lawrence are Anglo-French boundaries, and Six Nations lands are British[1]

Map: French and British colonies and (in pink) territory occupied by British allies "& disputés parles François"[2]

With settlement of their land claims, William Johnson expects Haudenosaunee support as war with France begins in North America[3]

Lt. Gov. James De Lancey outlines how troops assembled in New York could attack French in region from Montreal to Fort Duquesne[4]

References
  1. "Copy of the Reply of the English Ministry to the Memoir Communicated by M. le Due de Mirepoix..." (June 7, 1755), in Anglo-French Boundary Disputes in the West, 1749-1763, French Series, Volume II, Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library, Volume XXVII (1936), pgs. 234-40. Accessed 1 March 2021
  2. Thomas Kitchin, (Map of the English and French possessions on the North American continent) (text in French; London, 1755), W.K. Morrison Special Collection, Nova Scotia Community College. Accessed 21 November 2021
  3. Letter of Major-General Johnson to the Lords of Trade (July 21, 1755), Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York, pgs. 962-3. Accessed 14 December 2020
  4. Letter of Lieutenant-Governor De Lancey to Secretary Robinson (August 7, 1755), Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York, pgs. 991-2. Accessed 14 December 2020
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