Arabic Presentation Forms-A

Arabic Presentation Forms-A is a Unicode block encoding contextual forms and ligatures of letter variants needed for Persian, Urdu, Sindhi and Central Asian languages. This block also encodes 32 noncharacters in Unicode.

Arabic Presentation Forms-A
RangeU+FB50..U+FDFF
(688 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsArabic (629 char.)
Common (2 char.)
Major alphabetsCentral Asian languages
Pashto
Persian
Sindhi
Urdu
Symbol setscontextual forms
multi-letter and
word ligatures
Assigned631 code points
Unused25 reserved code points
32 non-characters
Unicode version history
1.1 (1993)593 (+593)
3.2 (2002)594 (+1)
4.0 (2003)595 (+1)
6.0 (2010)611 (+16)
14.0 (2021)631 (+20)
Note: [1][2]
Range was initially part of the Private Use Area in Unicode 1.0.0,[3] and removed from it in Unicode 1.0.1.[4]

The presentation forms are present only for compatibility with older standards such as codepage 864 used in DOS, and are typically used in visual and not logical order.[5]

Block
Arabic Presentation Forms-A[1][2][3]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+FB5x ﭐ ﭑ ﭒ ﭓ ﭔ ﭕ ﭖ ﭗ ﭘ ﭙ ﭚ ﭛ ﭜ ﭝ ﭞ ﭟ
U+FB6x ﭠ ﭡ ﭢ ﭣ ﭤ ﭥ ﭦ ﭧ ﭨ ﭩ ﭪ ﭫ ﭬ ﭭ ﭮ ﭯ
U+FB7x ﭰ ﭱ ﭲ ﭳ ﭴ ﭵ ﭶ ﭷ ﭸ ﭹ ﭺ ﭻ ﭼ ﭽ ﭾ ﭿ
U+FB8x ﮀ ﮁ ﮂ ﮃ ﮄ ﮅ ﮆ ﮇ ﮈ ﮉ ﮊ ﮋ ﮌ ﮍ ﮎ ﮏ
U+FB9x ﮐ ﮑ ﮒ ﮓ ﮔ ﮕ ﮖ ﮗ ﮘ ﮙ ﮚ ﮛ ﮜ ﮝ ﮞ ﮟ
U+FBAx ﮠ ﮡ ﮢ ﮣ ﮤ ﮥ ﮦ ﮧ ﮨ ﮩ ﮪ ﮫ ﮬ ﮭ ﮮ ﮯ
U+FBBx ﮰ ﮱ ﮲ ﮳ ﮴ ﮵ ﮶ ﮷ ﮸ ﮹ ﮺ ﮻ ﮼ ﮽ ﮾ ﮿
U+FBCx ﯀ ﯁ ﯂
U+FBDx ﯓ ﯔ ﯕ ﯖ ﯗ ﯘ ﯙ ﯚ ﯛ ﯜ ﯝ ﯞ ﯟ
U+FBEx ﯠ ﯡ ﯢ ﯣ ﯤ ﯥ ﯦ ﯧ ﯨ ﯩ ﯪ ﯫ ﯬ ﯭ ﯮ ﯯ
U+FBFx ﯰ ﯱ ﯲ ﯳ ﯴ ﯵ ﯶ ﯷ ﯸ ﯹ ﯺ ﯻ ﯼ ﯽ ﯾ ﯿ
U+FC0x ﰀ ﰁ ﰂ ﰃ ﰄ ﰅ ﰆ ﰇ ﰈ ﰉ ﰊ ﰋ ﰌ ﰍ ﰎ ﰏ
U+FC1x ﰐ ﰑ ﰒ ﰓ ﰔ ﰕ ﰖ ﰗ ﰘ ﰙ ﰚ ﰛ ﰜ ﰝ ﰞ ﰟ
U+FC2x ﰠ ﰡ ﰢ ﰣ ﰤ ﰥ ﰦ ﰧ ﰨ ﰩ ﰪ ﰫ ﰬ ﰭ ﰮ ﰯ
U+FC3x ﰰ ﰱ ﰲ ﰳ ﰴ ﰵ ﰶ ﰷ ﰸ ﰹ ﰺ ﰻ ﰼ ﰽ ﰾ ﰿ
U+FC4x ﱀ ﱁ ﱂ ﱃ ﱄ ﱅ ﱆ ﱇ ﱈ ﱉ ﱊ ﱋ ﱌ ﱍ ﱎ ﱏ
U+FC5x ﱐ ﱑ ﱒ ﱓ ﱔ ﱕ ﱖ ﱗ ﱘ ﱙ ﱚ ﱛ ﱜ ﱝ ﱞ ﱟ
U+FC6x ﱠ ﱡ ﱢ ﱣ ﱤ ﱥ ﱦ ﱧ ﱨ ﱩ ﱪ ﱫ ﱬ ﱭ ﱮ ﱯ
U+FC7x ﱰ ﱱ ﱲ ﱳ ﱴ ﱵ ﱶ ﱷ ﱸ ﱹ ﱺ ﱻ ﱼ ﱽ ﱾ ﱿ
U+FC8x ﲀ ﲁ ﲂ ﲃ ﲄ ﲅ ﲆ ﲇ ﲈ ﲉ ﲊ ﲋ ﲌ ﲍ ﲎ ﲏ
U+FC9x ﲐ ﲑ ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ ﲗ ﲘ ﲙ ﲚ ﲛ ﲜ ﲝ ﲞ ﲟ
U+FCAx ﲠ ﲡ ﲢ ﲣ ﲤ ﲥ ﲦ ﲧ ﲨ ﲩ ﲪ ﲫ ﲬ ﲭ ﲮ ﲯ
U+FCBx ﲰ ﲱ ﲲ ﲳ ﲴ ﲵ ﲶ ﲷ ﲸ ﲹ ﲺ ﲻ ﲼ ﲽ ﲾ ﲿ
U+FCCx ﳀ ﳁ ﳂ ﳃ ﳄ ﳅ ﳆ ﳇ ﳈ ﳉ ﳊ ﳋ ﳌ ﳍ ﳎ ﳏ
U+FCDx ﳐ ﳑ ﳒ ﳓ ﳔ ﳕ ﳖ ﳗ ﳘ ﳙ ﳚ ﳛ ﳜ ﳝ ﳞ ﳟ
U+FCEx ﳠ ﳡ ﳢ ﳣ ﳤ ﳥ ﳦ ﳧ ﳨ ﳩ ﳪ ﳫ ﳬ ﳭ ﳮ ﳯ
U+FCFx ﳰ ﳱ ﳲ ﳳ ﳴ ﳵ ﳶ ﳷ ﳸ ﳹ ﳺ ﳻ ﳼ ﳽ ﳾ ﳿ
U+FD0x ﴀ ﴁ ﴂ ﴃ ﴄ ﴅ ﴆ ﴇ ﴈ ﴉ ﴊ ﴋ ﴌ ﴍ ﴎ ﴏ
U+FD1x ﴐ ﴑ ﴒ ﴓ ﴔ ﴕ ﴖ ﴗ ﴘ ﴙ ﴚ ﴛ ﴜ ﴝ ﴞ ﴟ
U+FD2x ﴠ ﴡ ﴢ ﴣ ﴤ ﴥ ﴦ ﴧ ﴨ ﴩ ﴪ ﴫ ﴬ ﴭ ﴮ ﴯ
U+FD3x ﴰ ﴱ ﴲ ﴳ ﴴ ﴵ ﴶ ﴷ ﴸ ﴹ ﴺ ﴻ ﴼ ﴽ ﴾ ﴿
U+FD4x ﵀ ﵁ ﵂ ﵃ ﵄ ﵅ ﵆ ﵇ ﵈ ﵉ ﵊ ﵋ ﵌ ﵍ ﵎ ﵏
U+FD5x ﵐ ﵑ ﵒ ﵓ ﵔ ﵕ ﵖ ﵗ ﵘ ﵙ ﵚ ﵛ ﵜ ﵝ ﵞ ﵟ
U+FD6x ﵠ ﵡ ﵢ ﵣ ﵤ ﵥ ﵦ ﵧ ﵨ ﵩ ﵪ ﵫ ﵬ ﵭ ﵮ ﵯ
U+FD7x ﵰ ﵱ ﵲ ﵳ ﵴ ﵵ ﵶ ﵷ ﵸ ﵹ ﵺ ﵻ ﵼ ﵽ ﵾ ﵿ
U+FD8x ﶀ ﶁ ﶂ ﶃ ﶄ ﶅ ﶆ ﶇ ﶈ ﶉ ﶊ ﶋ ﶌ ﶍ ﶎ ﶏ
U+FD9x ﶒ ﶓ ﶔ ﶕ ﶖ ﶗ ﶘ ﶙ ﶚ ﶛ ﶜ ﶝ ﶞ ﶟ
U+FDAx ﶠ ﶡ ﶢ ﶣ ﶤ ﶥ ﶦ ﶧ ﶨ ﶩ ﶪ ﶫ ﶬ ﶭ ﶮ ﶯ
U+FDBx ﶰ ﶱ ﶲ ﶳ ﶴ ﶵ ﶶ ﶷ ﶸ ﶹ ﶺ ﶻ ﶼ ﶽ ﶾ ﶿ
U+FDCx ﷀ ﷁ ﷂ ﷃ ﷄ ﷅ ﷆ ﷇ ﷏
U+FDDx
U+FDEx
U+FDFx ﷰ ﷱ ﷲ ﷳ ﷴ ﷵ ﷶ ﷷ ﷸ ﷹ ﷺ ﷻ ﷼ ﷽ ﷾ ﷿
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 14.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points
3.^ Black areas indicate noncharacters (code points that are guaranteed never to be assigned as encoded characters in the Unicode Standard)

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Arabic Presentation Forms-A block:

VersionFinal code points[lower-alpha 1]CountL2 IDWG2 IDDocument
1.1U+FB50..FBB1, FBD3..FD3F, FD50..FD8F, FD92..FDC7, FDF0..FDFB593(to be determined)
L2/06-008R2Moore, Lisa (2006-02-13), "Motion 106-M3", UTC #106 Minutes, Drop U+FD3E ORNATE LEFT PARENTHESIS and U+FD3F ORNATE RIGHT PARENTHESIS from the list of characters with Bidi Mirrored property proposed in Public Review Issue 80.
L2/14-026Moore, Lisa (2014-02-17), "Consensus 138-C21", UTC #138 Minutes, Change the General Category and linebreak properties of U+FD3E LEFT ORNATE PARENTHESIS to gc=Pe and lb=CL; and change General Category and linebreak properties of U+FD3F RIGHT ORNATE PARENTHESIS to gc=Ps and lb=OP, in Unicode 7.0.
L2/20-289N5155Evans, Lorna Priest (2020-12-07), Request for glyph changes and annotations for Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Uyghur [Affects U+FBD7-FBD8, U+FBDD, and U+FBE0-FBE1]
L2/21-016RAnderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai (2021-01-14), "11a. Glyph changes and annotations for Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Uyghur", Recommendations to UTC #166 January 2021 on Script Proposals
L2/21-009Moore, Lisa (2021-01-27), "B.1 — 11a", UTC #166 Minutes
3.1U+FDD0..FDEF32L2/00-187Moore, Lisa (2000-08-23), "Not a Character", UTC minutes -- Boston, August 8-11, 2000
L2/00-341N2277Addition of reserved characters for internal processing uses, 2000-09-19
L2/01-050N2253Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-01-21), "7.20 Proposal for Reserved Positions for Processing Purposes", Minutes of the SC2/WG2 meeting in Athens, September 2000
3.2U+FDFC1L2/98-359N1856Sato, T. K. (1998-08-21), Addition of Rial sign on ISO/IEC 10646-1
L2/01-148RPournader, Roozbeh (2001-04-07), Proposal: Arabic Ligature Rial
L2/01-184RMoore, Lisa (2001-06-18), "Motion 87-M6", Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting
L2/01-354N2373Pournader, Roozbeh (2001-09-20), Proposal: Arabic Currency Sign Rial
L2/02-154N2403Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2002-04-22), "7.8", Draft minutes of WG 2 meeting 41, Hotel Phoenix, Singapore, 2001-10-15/19
4.0U+FDFD1L2/02-005Hussain, Sarmad; Afzal, Muhammad (2001-12-18), Urdu Computing Standards (Charts and Exhibits)
L2/02-006 (pdf, doc)N2413-1Zia, Khaver (2002-01-10), Towards Unicode Standard for Urdu
L2/02-003N2413-2Afzal, Muhammad; Hussain, Sarmad (2001-12-28), Urdu Computing Standards: Development of Urdu Zabta Takhti (UZT) 1.01
L2/02-004N2413-3Hussain, Sarmad; Afzal, Muhammad (2001-12-28), Urdu Computing Standards: Urdu Zabta Takhti (UZT) 1.01
L2/02-163N2413-4 (pdf, doc)Proposal to add Marks and Digits in Arabic Code Block (for Urdu), 2002-04-30
L2/02-011RKew, Jonathan (2002-01-12), Comments on L2/02-006: Towards Unicode Standard for Urdu
L2/02-197Freytag, Asmus (2002-05-01), Urdu Feedback from Bidi Committee
L2/02-166R2Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), "Motion 91-M3", UTC #91 Minutes
L2/02-372N2453 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2002-10-30), "7.9 Urdu contribution", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 42
L2/02-466N2567Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh (2002-12-09), Towards resolution on the name of U+FDFD
L2/02-467N2568Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh; Hussain, Sarmad; Afzal, Muhammad (2002-12-10), Consensus on the name of U+FDFD
L2/04-196N2653 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2004-06-04), "a-3", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 44
6.0U+FBB2..FBC116L2/98-274Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (1998-07-28), Proposed Arabic Script Additions for Minority Languages
L2/98-409Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (1998-12-01), Proposal to add 25 Arabic characters to the BMP
L2/98-419 (pdf, doc)Aliprand, Joan (1999-02-05), "Additional Arabic characters", Approved Minutes -- UTC #78 & NCITS Subgroup L2 # 175 Joint Meeting, San Jose, CA -- December 1-4, 1998
L2/02-021Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (2002-01-17), Proposal To Amend Arabic repertoire
L2/03-154Kew, Jonathan; Mansour, Kamal; Davis, Mark (2003-05-16), Proposal to encode productive Arabic-script modifier marks
L2/06-039N3460-ADurrani, Attash (2006-01-29), Preliminary Proposal to add Nuqta Characters to Arabic Block
L2/06-240Kew, Jonathan (2006-07-19), Letter to Dr. Durrani
L2/06-322Durrani, Attash (2006-10-04), Letter to Jonathan Kew re Nuqtas
L2/07-094Durrani, Attash (2007-04-03), Regarding Nuqta Characters
L2/07-174Durrani, Attash (2007-05-14), The Case Folding Solution for the Arabic Script
L2/08-159Durrani, Attash; Mansour, Kamal; McGowan, Rick (2008-04-18), Proposal to Encode 22 Characters for Arabic Pedagogical Use
L2/08-230Anderson, Deborah (2008-05-23), Comments on Proposal to Encode 22 Characters for Arabic Pedagogical Use
L2/08-159RN3460RDurrani, Attash; Mansour, Kamal; McGowan, Rick (2008-06-24), Proposal to Encode 16 Characters for Arabic Pedagogical Use
L2/08-161R2Moore, Lisa (2008-11-05), "Motion 115-M3", UTC #115 Minutes
L2/08-412N3553 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2008-11-05), "M53.19", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 53
L2/08-361Moore, Lisa (2008-12-02), "Consensus 117-C26", UTC #117 Minutes
L2/09-011Pournader, Roozbeh (2009-01-13), Consistent naming and better properties for Arabic Pedagogical Symbols
L2/09-110N3606Pandey, Anshuman (2009-03-30), Proposal to Advance the Renaming of Arabic Pedagogical Symbols
L2/09-234N3603 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2009-07-08), "M54.06a", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 54
L2/09-104Moore, Lisa (2009-05-20), "Consensus 119-C25", UTC #119 / L2 #216 Minutes
14.0U+FBC21L2/19-306N5142Pournader, Roozbeh; Anderson, Deborah (2019-09-29), Arabic additions for Quranic orthographies
L2/19-343Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai (2019-10-06), "a. Additions for Quranic orthographiesFD4C:c. Arabic honorifics", Recommendations to UTC #161 October 2019 on Script Proposals
L2/19-323Moore, Lisa (2019-10-01), "Consensus 161-C4", UTC #161 Minutes
L2/20-105Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Constable, Peter; Liang, Hai (2020-04-20), "3f. Comments on L2/19-306", Recommendations to UTC #163 April 2020 on Script Proposals
U+FD40..FD4B, FDFE..FDFF14L2/14-147Pournader, Roozbeh (2014-07-27), Proposal to encode seventeen Arabic honorifics
L2/14-170Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Iancu, Laurențiu (2014-07-28), "5. L2/14‐147", Recommendations to UTC #140 August 2014 on Script Proposals
L2/19-289RPournader, Roozbeh; Jibaly, Mustafa (2019-07-26), Proposal to encode fourteen Arabic honorifics
L2/19-270Moore, Lisa (2019-10-07), "Consensus 160-C25", UTC #160 Minutes
U+FD4C..FD4D2L2/19-319Pournader, Roozbeh; Jibaly, Mustafa (2019-09-29), Proposal to encode two more Arabic honorifics
L2/19-323Moore, Lisa (2019-10-01), "Consensus 161-C3", UTC #161 Minutes
U+FD4E..FD4F2L2/20-042Pournader, Roozbeh; Hooshdaran, Soheil; Jibaly, Mustafa (2020-01-15), Proposal to encode yet two more Arabic honorifics
L2/20-015RMoore, Lisa (2020-05-14), "C.5.3", Draft Minutes of UTC Meeting 162
U+FDCF1L2/20-081Pournader, Roozbeh; Evans, Lorna (2020-03-10), Proposal to encode an Arabic honorific used in Christian texts
L2/20-105Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Constable, Peter; Liang, Hai (2020-04-20), "3a. Arabic Honorific", Recommendations to UTC #163 April 2020 on Script Proposals
L2/20-102Moore, Lisa (2020-05-06), "Consensus 163-C13", UTC #163 Minutes
  1. Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

See also

References
  1. "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  2. "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  3. "3.5: Private Use Area" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 1.0, Volume 1. Unicode Consortium. pp. 118–119. ISBN 0-201-56788-1.
  4. "Version 1.0.1 Notice Page" (PDF). Unicode Consortium.
  5. The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2011. ISBN 978-1-936213-01-6), Chapter 8
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