Hwanghae dialect
Hwanghae dialect (황해 방언) is a dialect of Korean spoken in North Hwanghae Province, South Hwanghae Province in North Korea, as well as the islands of Baengnyeongdo, Yeonpyeongdo and Daecheongdo in Ongjin County in South Korea. It may also be spoken among former Korean War refugees in cities such as Incheon and Kimpo.
| Hwanghae | |
|---|---|
| 황해 방언 | |
| Native to | North Korea |
| Region | Haeso |
Korean
| |
| Dialects |
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| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | hwan1238 |
| IETF | ko-u-sd-ko06 (North Hwanghae) |
Pronunciation
In the Hwanghae dialect there is are nine vowels (ㅣ·ㅔ·ㅐ·ㅡ·ㅓ·ㅏ·ㅜ·ㅗ·ㅚ). Like the neighboring Pyongan dialect, the sound of 어(eo) and 으(eu) sounds closer to the 오(o) and 우(u). The medieval Korean vowel of ㆎ, as well as 의 is often pronounced as 에 (e.g. 나베, butterfly and 글페, two days after tomorrow). Difference in phonology is visible between northern areas, which contains influence from the Pyongan dialect and southern regions, which contains some influence from the Gyeonggi dialect.
Grammar
Like the neighboring Pyongan dialect, and the nonstandard speech of Northwestern Gyeonggi (Particularly Gimpo and northward), the suffix '겠(get'), indicating or will, is often pronounced as 갔 (gat) or 갓 (gas). When making statements, it is common for speakers of the Hwanghae dialect to use the suffixes ‘-시다 (shida), -쉬다 (shwwida), -쉐다 (shweda)’ and ‘-외다 (oeda)'. Meanwhile the formal interrogative suffix '습니까 (seubnika)', is commonly changed to ‘-시꺄 (shikya)', '시까 (shika)' -쉬꺄 (shwika)’ ‘-시니꺄 (shinika)?’ ‘-오리꺄(orikya)’ and ‘-ㄹ납니꺄 (labnikya)’, this feature can also be found in the speech of older locals in certain regions of northern Gyeonggi, most notably in Ganghwa County. the polite present tense declarative, '세요' (seyo) is also replaced by '시겨 (shigyeo)', a feature also found in Ganghwa county.
Words
Much of the vocabulary of the Hwanghae dialect, including family titles and culinary terms is shared by either the Gyeonggi or Pyeongan dialect, some examples of dialectal words found in Hwanghae include: 고매하다 (gomaehada- to be thankful), 톰빨리 (tomballi- quickly), 멱자귀 (frog) and 면들레 (myeondeullae- Korean dandelion).