List of countries by public debt

These are lists of countries by public debt, based on data from the Central Intelligence Agency's World Factbook and the International Monetary Fund. Net debt figure is the cumulative total of all government borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a country's home currency.

Concept
See also: List of countries by future gross government debt

Gross government debt is the total amount of debt the government has issued and is the most relevant data for discussions of government default and debt ceilings. It is different from external debt, which includes the foreign currency liabilities of non-government entities. Net debt subtracts financial assets a government holds from the gross debt amount. Net debt would decrease by about one-third of GDP.

The public debt relative information provided by national sources (CIA) is not always objective and true, given the fact that there is no independent research in these matters. Note that net debt figures are included where gross debt figures are unavailable in the CIA set (USA).

Public debt as % of GDP
Public debt as a percent of GDP by CIA (2012)
Government debt as a percent of GDP in the European Union, Norway, and Iceland in 2019

The figures here are represented as a percentage of annual gross domestic product.

* indicates "Public debt of COUNTRY or TERRITORY" or "Economy of COUNTRY or TERRITORY" links.

Debt as % of GDP
Country Region Gross public debt[1] Year Total (gross) government
debt[2]		 Net government
debt[3]		 Year
 Afghanistan *Asia7.39720207.3462016
 Albania *Europe77.568202071.24471.4632020
 Algeria *Africa55.605202066.5747.5342020
 Andorra *Europe46.7962020
 Angola *Africa136.5392020107.532021
 Antigua and Barbuda *Americas101.329202086.8232017
 Argentina *Americas102.790202052.6152017
 Armenia *Asia63.476202062.7872020
 Aruba *Americas115.1352020
 Australia *Oceania57.332202070.234.4182020
 Austria *Europe83.160202084.2859.4362020
 Azerbaijan *Asia21.370202020.042021
 Bahamas *Americas75.152202057.2052017
 Bahrain *Asia129.720202090.3352017
 Bangladesh *Asia38.908202041.912021
 Barbados *Americas156.7612020132.876155.3832020
 Belarus *Europe48.045202048.582021
 Belgium *Europe114.1382020117.0799.2022020
 Belize *Americas123.288202099.0232017
 Benin *Africa46.142202041.372021
 Bhutan *Asia120.7432020102.3982017
 Bolivia *Americas78.832202068.3166.5782020
 Bosnia and Herzegovina *Europe36.717202040.97225.0352020
 Botswana *Africa19.461202015.64615.5402020
 Brazil *Americas98.9432020102.7662.7032020
 Brunei *Asia2.85720202.6892017
 Bulgaria *Europe23.568202023.92713.1292020
 Burkina Faso *Africa46.541202048.062021
 Burma *Asia39.301202034.7252017
 Burundi *Africa66.991202056.6902017
 Cambodia *Asia34.238202031.442021
 Cameroon *Africa45.791202044.9743.9182020
 Canada *Americas117.4602020114.9734.6872020
 Cape Verde *Africa158.1172020126.029143.9872020
 Central African Republic *Africa44.140202053.4412017
 Chad *Africa47.908202044.352021
 Chile *Americas32.539202037.5113.3722020
 China *Asia66.334202066.532021
 Colombia *Americas65.383202068.0654.3822020
 Comoros *Africa22.304202028.3812017
 DR Congo *Africa15.159202013.422021
 Congo *Africa101.050202098.422021
 Costa Rica *Americas67.505202049.0982017
 Ivory Coast *Africa47.743202042.612021
 Croatia *Europe88.740202085.4666.5342021
 Cuba *Americas35.82017
 Cyprus *Asia119.1362020112.4258.2842020
 Czech Republic *Europe37.808202041.3923.6972020
 Denmark *Europe42.126202039.2914.7172020
 Djibouti *Africa40.879202030.64939.7422020
 Dominica *Americas108.675202087.5702017
 Dominican Republic *Americas71.459202068.257.4192020
 Ecuador *Americas61.188202067.442021
 Egypt *Africa89.839202090.679.1972020
 El Salvador *Americas89.175202059.3192017
 Equatorial Guinea *Africa48.864202042.67637.9652020
 Eritrea *Africa184.8952020131.2442017
 Estonia *Europe18.458202022.382.5402020
 Ethiopia *Africa55.425202058.5151.8092020
 European UnionEurope86.8201483.21168.5162017
 Fiji *Oceania70.794202046.62370.0862020
 Faroe Islands *Europe35.02014
 Finland *Europe69.549202068.5933.5882020
 France *Europe115.0792020118.57102.5552020
 Gabon *Africa77.403202061.0652017
 Gambia *Africa83.4872020123.2392017
 Georgia *Asia60.019202045.09944.9182017
 Germany *Europe69.055202072.2150.0682020
 Ghana *Africa78.924202074.6573.7322020
 Gibraltar *Europe7.52008
 Greece *Europe211.2152020200.532021
 Grenada *Americas71.295202071.4482017
 Guatemala *Americas31.525202024.3752017
 Guinea *Africa43.780202045.922021
 Guinea-Bissau *Africa79.296202041.9712017
 Guyana *Americas51.374202050.67648.5112020
 Haiti *Americas21.347202052.442021
 Honduras *Americas51.339202050.422021
 Hong Kong *Asia0.99320200.272021
 Hungary *Europe80.447202075.8773.4872020
 Iceland *Europe77.076202052.5360.4962020
 India *Asia89.608202089.862021
 Indonesia *Asia36.621202041.8333.0022020
 Iran *Asia39.527202040.4330.2902020
 Iraq *Asia84.211202057.9802017
 Ireland *Europe58.519202061.2550.2692020
 Israel *Asia71.98420208070.3602020
 Italy *Europe155.8122020158.31142.2782020
 Jamaica *Americas107.4232020104.0742017
 Japan *Asia254.1302020263.97167.0142020
 Jordan *Asia87.978202095.55787.8812020
 Kazakhstan *Asia26.333202024.11-8.6162020
 Kenya *Africa67.572202070.4663.2882020
 Kiribati *Oceania17.404202026.3152017
 North Korea *Asia
 South Korea *Asia47.876202052.2417.4322020
 Kosovo *Europe24.096202020.9402017
 Kuwait *Asia11.706202036.572021
 Kyrgyzstan *Asia68.041202066.792021
 Laos *Asia68.178202070.662021
 Latvia *Europe43.465202045.0234.6852020
 Lebanon *Asia150.4332020152.846147.7952020
 Lesotho *Africa50.376202034.703-2.0632020
 Liberia *Africa61.887202034.43461.2352020
 Libya *Africa5.12017
 Lithuania *Europe47.130202047.6841.6072020
 Luxembourg *Europe24.816202027.49-5.3032020
 Macau *Africa0.0002020
 Madagascar *Africa46.016202044.962021
 Malawi *Africa54.713202059.3182017
 Malaysia *Asia67.434202066.022021
 Maldives *Asia146.047202068.0512017
 Mali *Africa47.429202046.2440.8152020
 Malta *Europe53.302202057.0843.5802020
 Marshall Islands *Oceania19.013202027.9692017
 Mauritania *Africa59.192202091.08658.3572020
 Mauritius *Africa96.875202060.1502017
 Micronesia *Oceania24.8201624.4892017
 Mexico *Americas61.029202065.652.3722020
 Micronesia *Americas16.0602020
 Moldova *Europe34.781202039.242021
 Mongolia *Asia76.9542020
 Montenegro *Europe105.15[4]202167.4932017
 Morocco *Africa75.373202076.5774.6992020
 Mozambique *Africa128.4512020123.512021
 Namibia *Africa65.314202046.10362.8962020
 Nauru *Oceania59.344202060.1472017
 Nepal *Asia42.159202043.72021
 Netherlands *Europe52.492202061.1442.5712020
 New Zealand *Oceania43.640202060.2211.6142020
 Nicaragua *Americas47.919202050.262021
 Niger *Africa44.970202048.6441.0212020
 Nigeria *Africa35.000202035.5134.5672020
 North Macedonia *Europe51.250202039.25450.4902020
 Norway *Europe41.400202040.00-121.0312020
 Oman *Asia81.156202088.6532.9852020
 Pakistan *Asia87.563202085.9779.9512020
 Palau *Oceania24.12016
 Panama *Americas66.280202038.15843.4382020
 Papua New Guinea *Oceania48.875202047.742021
 Paraguay *Americas36.653202025.56632.0312020
 Peru *Americas35.073202039.1320.3502020
 Philippines *Asia51.675202052.512021
 Poland *Europe57.472202060.1845.3342020
 Portugal *Europe135.1872020130.05123.2252020
 Puerto Rico *Americas52.627202054.5732017
 Qatar *Asia72.095202060.582021
 Romania *Europe49.802202036.87840.1572020
 Russia *Europe19.280202018.982021
 Rwanda *Africa60.113202069.392021
 Saint Kitts and Nevis *Americas56.866202062.3782017
 Saint Lucia *Americas92.082202071.2622017
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *Americas84.998202080.81382.1952020
 Western Samoa *Oceania46.497202049.1212017
 San Marino *Europe76.942202056.5692017
 São Tomé and Príncipe *Africa81.374202083.3002017
 Saudi Arabia *Asia32.537202034.3515.9092020
 Senegal *Africa68.681202065.422021
 Serbia *Europe58.369202061.47654.5742020
 Seychelles *Africa96.484202063.31587.4172020
 Sierra Leone *Africa73.735202058.4282017
 Singapore *Asia154.8982020132.352021
 Slovakia *Europe60.270202060.6350.1382020
 Slovenia *Europe13.988202078.012.0252020
 Solomon Islands *Oceania9.0201610.011-1.1012017
 Somalia *Africa76.72017
 South Africa *Africa69.447202082.7663.2952020
 South Sudan *Africa35.810202066.3412017
 Spain *Europe119.9202020121.31103.0392020
 Sri Lanka *Asia101.235202098.32021
 Sudan *Africa272.9192020250.712021
 Suriname *Americas148.240202072.0532017
 Swaziland *Africa41.186202029.17334.6632020
 Sweden *Europe37.346202041.725.4962020
 Switzerland *Europe42.381202048.4822.0352020
 Syria *Asia58.42017
 Taiwan *Asia32.651202035.17230.7682020
 Tajikistan *Asia51.309202048.862021
 Tanzania *Africa39.149202039.252021
 Thailand *Asia49.632202056.372021
 East Timor *Asia12.2802020
 Togo *Africa60.280202078.6332017
 Tonga *Oceania43.2522020
 Trinidad and Tobago *Americas59.268202041.3408.9672020
 Tunisia *Africa89.739202071.27521.2692017
 Turkey *Asia39.765202045.5232.0552020
 Turkmenistan *Asia32.248202028.8202017
 Tuvalu *Oceania7.292202049.1862017
 Uganda *Africa44.097202050.932021
 Ukraine *Europe60.784202064.32021
 United Arab Emirates *Asia39.362202038.19-79.4862021
 United Kingdom *Europe104.4702020111.5291.8242020
 United States *Americas133.9202020133.6498.7232020
 Uruguay *Americas68.056202069.0257.8462020
 Uzbekistan *Asia36.437202040.112021
 Vanuatu *Oceania48.668202048.4122017
 Venezuela *Americas304.125202034.8662017
 Vietnam *Asia46.298202047.12021
 Wallis and Futuna *Oceania5.62004
 Palestine *Africa47.1942020
 Yemen *Asia84.166202079.3383.5462020
 Zambia *Africa128.7022020119.57126.7152020
 Zimbabwe *Africa86.14720202.232021
 World—59.92017

Lowest national public debt by year (1980 to 2012)
Public debt as percentage of GDP[5]
Year Country Public debt
1980 Kuwait *0.6%
1981 Kuwait *2.5%
1982 Bhutan *1.7%
1983 Bhutan *3.5%
1984 China *1.0%
1985 China *3.3%
1986 China *3.2%
1987 China *3.6%
1988 China *4.5%
1989 Luxembourg *4.0%
1990 Romania *1.0%
1991 Romania *2.7%
1992 Luxembourg *4.8%
1993 Luxembourg *6.0%
1994 Luxembourg *5.5%
1995 China *6.1%
1996 United Arab Emirates *5.9%
1997 United Arab Emirates *4.8%
1998 Estonia *5.5%
1999 United Arab Emirates *4.8%
2000 United Arab Emirates *3.1%
2001 United Arab Emirates *2.7%
2002 Brunei *2.0%
2003 Brunei *1.0%
2004 Brunei *0.4%
2005 Brunei *0.3%
2006 Libya0.5%
2007 Libya0.0%
2008 Libya0.0%
2009 Libya0.0%
2010 Libya0.0%
2011 Libya *0.0%
2012 Libya *0.0%

Public debt per capita

The figures here are represented per capita.

Public debt per capita by country, in USD
Country (PPP) [6][7][8] (Forex) [6][7][9] Year
 Japan *$102,503$91,7682017
 Singapore *$97,852$60,0162017
 Qatar *$77,278$37,9902017
 Greece *$50,562$33,9052017
 Italy *$49,060$41,0562017
 Ireland *$47,822$44,8712017
 Belgium *$47,291$44,1192017
 United States *$46,645$46,6452017
 Canada *$44,348$41,3232017
 Bahrain *$43,659$21,6732017
 France *$41,040$37,1892017
 Austria *$39,419$37,3102017
 United Kingdom *$39,311$35,3202017
 Portugal *$38,127$26,4622017
 Bermuda *$37,015$37,0152016
 Spain *$35,466$26,2102017
 Germany *$33,349$29,3942017
 Aruba *$30,674$19,9182016
 Netherlands *$30,452$27,4152017
 Barbados *$28,001$26,7772017
 Finland *$27,111$27,9862017
 Switzerland *$26,367$34,2252017
 Norway *$25,900$27,0952017
 Cyprus *$25,047$17,1032017
 Slovenia *$24,939$17,1102017
 Luxembourg *$23,582$23,7422017
 Israel *$22,922$25,3512017
 Malta *$21,746$14,2042017
 Antigua and Barbuda *$21,709$13,7962017
 Australia *$21,695$23,9902017
 Hungary *$21,693$10,4272017
 Lebanon *$21,238$13,0392017
 Iceland *$21,169$28,5052017
 Sweden *$21,048$21,7632017
 Kuwait *$20,462$8,5252017
 Puerto Rico *$20,360$16,3202017
 Bahamas *$19,796$19,9602017
 Oman *$19,326$7,1962017
 U.S. Virgin Islands *$19,292$25,8192017
 Croatia *$18,601$9,9762017
 Seychelles *$18,482$10,0682017
 Saint Kitts and Nevis *$18,363$11,4202017
 Taiwan *$18,027$8,6822017
 Denmark *$17,487$19,7842017
 Slovakia *$16,798$8,9702017
 Andorra *$15,915$12,9732016
 Malaysia *$15,873$5,3132017
 South Korea *$15,633$11,8302017
 Uruguay *$15,241$11,5402017
 Poland *$14,829$6,9122017
 Equatorial Guinea *$14,783$5,8582017
 Trinidad and Tobago *$14,735$7,8342017
 San Marino *$14,726$11,7222017
 United Arab Emirates *$14,133$7,7692017
 Faroe Islands *$13,728$18,9692015
 Mauritius *$13,262$6,2532017
 New Zealand *$13,180$14,0452017
 Brazil *$13,064$8,2652017
 Lithuania *$13,000$6,7172017
 Egypt *$12,474$2,4502017
 Czech Republic *$12,206$7,0072017
 Montenegro *$12,122$5,2342017
 Argentina *$11,884$8,2172017
 Mongolia *$11,701$3,2812017
 Maldives *$11,236$7,3352017
 Saint Lucia *$10,859$7,2022017
 Gabon *$10,847$4,4182017
 Mexico *$10,618$4,9622017
 Panama *$10,353$6,1502017
 Grenada *$10,252$7,0212017
 Nauru *$10,235$7,2932017
 Latvia *$10,194$5,7242017
 Suriname *$10,069$3,9632017
 Belarus *$10,055$3,0512017
 Bhutan *$9,993$3,3362017
 Sri Lanka *$9,663$3,0602017
 Iraq *$9,644$2,8582017
 Jamaica *$9,360$5,3052017
 Serbia *$9,333$3,6582017
 Azerbaijan *$9,273$2,1902017
 Saudi Arabia *$9,226$3,5692017
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *$9,167$5,6882017
 Dominica *$8,747$6,2232017
 Albania *$8,457$3,0702017
 Tunisia *$8,406$2,4392017
 Cape Verde *$8,360$3,9312017
 Romania *$8,291$3,6342017
 Belize *$8,257$4,7572017
 Costa Rica *$8,230$5,7132017
 Jordan *$8,161$3,6802017
 China *$7,878$4,0772017
 Iran *$7,802$2,0492017
 Guam *$7,631$7,6312017
 Turkey *$7,613$2,9662017
 Congo *$7,594$2,2532017
 Thailand *$7,548$2,7812017
 South Africa *$7,342$3,3432017
 Colombia *$7,298$3,2252017
 Curaçao *$6,912$12,3752014
 Dominican Republic *$6,249$2,7482017
 Ukraine *$5,970$1,8112017
 Chile *$5,952$3,6472017
 Cuba *$5,879$4,0242017
 North Macedonia *$5,755$2,1092017
 Morocco *$5,665$2,0742017
 El Salvador *$5,615$2,7232017
 Turkmenistan *$5,519$2,0192017
 Greenland *$5,437$5,0052016
 Ecuador *$5,311$2,8702017
 Kazakhstan *$5,311$1,7692017
 Gibraltar *$5,203$5,2032014
 India *$5,202$1,4292017
 Bulgaria *$5,198$1,9282017
 Sudan *$5,003$1,2922017
 Armenia *$4,990$2,0322017
 Venezuela *$4,684$2,5792017
 Bosnia and Herzegovina *$4,600$1,8642017
 Fiji *$4,555$2,5822017
 Guyana *$4,441$2,5102017
 Russia *$4,380$1,7212017
 Mauritania *$4,347$1,2412017
 Laos *$4,338$1,4922017
 Namibia *$4,337$2,1592017
 Algeria *$4,159$1,1062017
 Angola *$4,145$2,7092017
 Vietnam *$3,911$1,3292017
 Georgia *$3,632$1,3822017
 Bolivia *$3,628$1,6372017
 Indonesia *$3,562$1,1122017
 Peru *$3,488$1,7372017
 Ghana *$3,424$1,2012017
 Pakistan *$3,420$9832017
 Philippines *$3,305$1,1822017
 Eswatini *$3,030$1,1542017
 Estonia *$3,013$1,8782017
 São Tomé and Príncipe *$2,966$1,6992017
 Palau *$2,957$3,2712017
 Samoa *$2,773$2,0512017
 Tonga *$2,666$2,0532017
 Zambia *$2,645$9862017
 Paraguay *$2,468$1,0812017
 Syria *$2,450$1,1992016
 Botswana *$2,428$1,0822017
 Gambia *$2,336$6232017
 Kyrgyzstan *$2,216$7242017
 Kosovo *$2,178$7882017
 Moldova *$2,173$8762017
 Brunei *$2,105$7542017
 Eritrea *$2,066$1,2772017
 Guatemala *$2,057$1,1262017
 Anguilla *$2,024$2,0242013
 Zimbabwe *$2,010$1,0352017
 Burma *$1,992$4062017
 Nicaragua *$1,992$7562017
 Honduras *$1,992$9882017
 Yemen *$1,913$8132017
 West Bank$1,850$8572015
 Kenya *$1,833$8872017
 Uzbekistan *$1,805$3952017
 Senegal *$1,762$6792017
 Ivory Coast *$1,739$7242017
 Northern Mariana Islands *$1,696$1,6962017
 Tajikistan *$1,665$4182017
 Papua New Guinea *$1,585$1,0412017
 American Samoa *$1,579$1,5792017
 Bangladesh *$1,433$5432017
 Tuvalu *$1,394$1,3282017
 Somalia *$1,392$4802017
 Mozambique *$1,391$4722017
 Djibouti *$1,309$7302017
 Vanuatu *$1,297$1,4622017
 Cameroon *$1,289$5042017
 South Sudan *$1,229$1882017
 Benin *$1,222$4452017
 Nigeria *$1,201$4032017
 Togo *$1,201$4412017
 Cambodia *$1,187$4082017
 Sierra Leone *$1,169$3662017
 Lesotho *$1,143$4722017
 Tanzania *$1,084$3452017
 Ethiopia *$1,003$4042017
 Chad *$949$3272017
 Guinea-Bissau *$932$3972017
 Guinea *$894$3282017
 Uganda *$873$2612017
 Micronesia *$823$7752017
 Rwanda *$820$3042017
 Mali *$792$2952017
 Nepal *$703$2212017
 Burkina Faso *$692$2432017
 Malawi *$669$1862017
 Marshall Islands *$660$7482017
 Haiti *$576$2482017
 Madagascar *$559$1612017
 Kiribati *$546$4742017
 Comoros *$520$2572017
 Niger *$498$1882017
 Liberia *$437$2352017
 Libya *$431$2132017
 Burundi *$349$1482017
 Central African Republic *$312$1782017
 East Timor *$213$802017
 Solomon Islands *$189$1852017
 DR Congo *$146$882017
 Afghanistan *$139$412017
 Hong Kong *$63$472017
 Falkland Islands *$0$02015
 Macau *$0$02017

See also
  •  Money portal
Nation specific

References
  1. Public debt. Country comparison. The World Factbook, United States Central Intelligence Agency. Archived 2007-06-13 at the Wayback Machine,
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  7. "Field Listing :: Public debt — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
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