Lohar

Lohars or blacksmiths, also called ironworkers, are a social group in India and Pakistan.[1][2] Lohars have made weapons in various kingdoms from the start of civilization i.e. Hindu Rajas, Sikh Army, European kingdoms etc. They were the Hindu rulers of Indian Kashmir, the Lohara dynasty.

Lohars worship Lord Vishwakarma and other Hindu gods.

Lohar
Regions with significant populations
• India • Nepal

They are the descendants of the Hindu god Vishwakarma. Lohar are Ruler of Kashmir Lohara Dynasty (Lohar Rajvansh) They form part of a loose grouping of traditionally artisanal castes known as Panchals.[3] Regional synonyms include Vishwakarma and Saifi (for Muslims). Surname in Bihar used as Sharma. Writers of the British Raj period often used the term Lohar as a synonym for blacksmith.

    Surnames

    Lohar have different surnames in different states. In Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, they use Vishwakarma, and Thakur surname.

    Andhra Pradesh: Achari, Chary, and Acharya

    Tamil Nadu: Vishvabrahmins, Kamaalar, Aachari or Aasaari

    Kerala : Achari, Vishwakarma,ashari, panjal

    Delhi, Rajasthan: Lohar, Mistri, Panchal

    Maharashtra: Suryavanshi, Kale, Dharankar, Chavhan, Pawar, Panhalkar, Yande, Borkar, Ghotekar, Manekar, Dhuratkar, Nagare, Thorat, Ingle, Dangre, Upankar, Mane, Ighe, Lohar, Koshe, Waghodekar, Kumbare, Panvalkar, Dhole, Pakhale. In Konkan Area Shemadkar, Katalkar, Gulekar, Shirvankar, Ghadi, Masurkar, Chapekar, Masurkar, Pomendkar

    Gujarat:Panchal,Makwana, Pitroda, Parmar, Pithva, Suthar, Mistry, Wadia, Gohil.

    West Bengal: Karmakar, Lohar

    Nepal: Biswakarma/Kami

    Rajasthan:Suthar and Jangid Brahmins Bengal Karmakar, Lohar, Raut, Majhi, Guli, Gulimajhi, Dandamajhi, Dalui, Sutar

    Orissa : Moharana, Mohapatra, Sutar, Sahu, Parida

    Haryana : Tanwar, Panwar, Solanki, Chauhan, Dangi, Karhera, Dharra, Bhavra, Siwal, Lohar, Panchal, Bhardwaj

    Assam: Karmakar, Lohar, Vishwakarma

    Notables Vishwakarma/Lohars/Ramgarhia
    1. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia, a Sikh Warrior who in the battle of Delhi defeated the Shah_Alam_II and detached the throne of the Mughal Empire and brought it on an elephant to Amritsar, which is now kept in Ramgarhia Bunga.
    2. Sitaram Panchal a film actor
    3. Nizam Lohar from Punjab (India), a freedom fighter (1835–1877)
    4. Janardan Karmakar (Cannon Maker) of Jahan Kosha Cannon around 7 ton weight means destroyer of the world and Dal Madal Kaman (Cannon) which means Destroyer of enemy.
    5. Justice J.M. Panchal (Former Judge of Supreme Court of India) from Gujarat
    6. Alam Lohar
    7. Arif Lohar
    8. Kyadu Lohar (Actress)
    Famous Saying about Lohar

    Sau Sunar ki ek Lohar ki[4]

    Himachal Pradesh

    Tarkhan and Lohar are two castes in Himachal Pradesh. Sikh Lohar are known as Tarkhan. While the Lohar caste has been included in the SC, the Tarkhan caste has been kept in the OBC List of the State. In fact, the two castes are one and the same for all social and matrimonial purposes.

    Uttar Pradesh

    The Lohar are one of the most widespread communities considered as OBC in Uttar Pradesh.[5] They are divided along religious lines, with the Hindu Lohar known as Vishwakarmas and Muslim Lohars known as Saifis. They are further divided into a number of exogamous groupings, the main ones being the sharma, vishwakarma. Most Lohar are still engaged in their traditional occupation of metal fabrication, although the majority of those in western Uttar Pradesh are cultivators. The assimilated Lohar speak Hindi and its various dialects such as Awadhi; other speak the Ho language.[6] they are also known as purbiyas and ujjainiya rajput in up bihar rajsthan madhya pradesh.etc.[7] They consider themselves as vishwabrahmins.

    Jharkhand

    The Lohar in Jharkhand are locally known as Lohra or Lohara. They speak regional languages such as Nagpuri, Khortha and Kurmali.[8]

    Madhya Pradesh

    The Lohar of Madhya Pradesh come in category and are also called Panchal (5 sub-castes) since Lohar is one of the five sub-castes of Vishwakarma.

    References
    1. Lohar, Sharma. "In bihar vaishali lohar sharma committee organised by members of lohar sharma community". Hindi jagran news.
    2. https://bharatdiscovery.org/india/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6#gsc.tab=0
    3. Perez, Rosa Maria (2004). Kings and Untouchables: A Study of the Caste System in Western India. Orient Blackswan. p. 80. ISBN 978-8-18028-014-6.
    4. Tanwar, Rahul Singh (19 April 2021). "सौ सुनार की एक लोहार की मुहावरे का अर्थ और वाक्य प्रयोग". The SimpleHelp. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
    5. "केंद्र में लोहार अभी भी ओबीसी की सूची में".
    6. "Ho". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2 May 2013.
    7. Purbiyas (soldiers)
    8. "1 Paper for 3 rd SCONLI 2008 (JNU, New Delhi) Comparative study of Nagpuri Spoken by Chik-Baraik & Oraon's of Jharkhand Sunil Baraik Senior Research Fellow". slideplayer.com.
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