Net international investment position

The net international investment position (NIIP) is the difference between the external financial assets and liabilities of a country.[1] External debt of a country includes government debt and private debt. External assets publicly and privately held by a country's legal residents are also taken into account when calculating NIIP.[2] Commodities and currencies tend to follow a cyclical pattern of significant valuation changes, which is also reflected in NIIP.

US Net International Investment Position

The International investment position (IIP) of a country is a financial statement of the value and composition of its external financial assets and liabilities. A positive NIIP value indicates that a nation is a creditor nation, while a negative value indicates that it is a debtor nation.

History

The US was the world's largest creditor until the 1960s. However, over the last few decades, the US has become the world's largest debtor. Since the 1980s, Japan replaced the USA as the world's largest creditor nation. With the ascent of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority's credit position since 2015, China (including Hong Kong and Macau) and Japan have been competing for the top creditor position.

U.S. Net International Investment Position over time through third quarter of 2018

List of countries and regions by net international investment position
Countries and regionsDateGDP[3]

(US$MM)

 DateNIIP[4]

(US$MM)

 DateNIIP

(%GDP)

 Albania202117,1382021Q1-9,0282019−52.1
 Argentina2021418,1502021Q1+128,627201926.3
 Armenia202112,2512021Q1-10,1242019−73.1
 Australia20211,617,5432021Q1-664,9002021−41.1
 Austria2021481,7962021Q1+58,6622021Q113.4[5]
 Bangladesh2021352,9082021Q1-44,6732019−13.5
 Belarus202160,7252021Q1-31,4172021−51.7
 Belgium2021578,9962021Q1+263,1322021Q149.5[5]
 Bhutan20212,4802021Q1-2,5852021−104.2
 Brazil20211,491,7722021Q1-460,1812019−39.6
 Bulgaria202177,7822021Q1-17,2282021Q1−24.0[5]
 Cambodia202127,2392021Q1-25,6582021−94.2
 Canada20211,883,4872021Q1+1,105,744202158.7
 Chile2021307,9382021Q1-28,9892021−9.4
 Democratic Republic of the Congo202155,0882018-19,7792018−42.0
 Colombia2021295,6102021Q1-171,9152019−51.7
 People's Republic of China202116,642,3182021Q1+2,140,041202112.9
 Croatia202165,2172020-31,5582021Q1−50.0[5]
 Cyprus202126,4792021Q1-35,5452021Q1−145.6[5]
 Czech Republic2021276,1092021Q1-24,5072021Q1−9.6[5]
 Denmark2021392,5702021Q1+278,3072021Q176.3[5]
 Egypt2021394,2842021Q1-209,5992021−53.2
 Estonia202135,1872021Q1-6,8722021Q1−21.3[5]
 Finland2021300,4842021Q1+24,3032021Q18.7[5]
 France20212,938,2712021Q1-889,1712021Q1−32.7[5]
 Germany20214,319,2862021Q1+3,055,9222021Q178.4[5]
 Greece2021209,8572021Q1-352,2722021Q1−182.7[5]
 Hong Kong2021368,6332021Q1+2,163,1552021586.8
 Hungary2021176,5432021Q1-74,4502021Q1−47.8[5]
 Iceland202124,1552021Q1+8,4662019(Q1)21[6]
 India20213,049,7042021-379,300March 2020−14[7]
 Indonesia20211,158,7832021Q1-268,5972019−30.4
 Ireland2021476,6632020Q3-705,9622021Q1−168.7[5]
 Israel2021446,7082021Q1+190,555202142.7
 Italy20212,106,2872021Q1+40,1762021Q12.1[5]
 Japan20215,378,1362021Q1+3,375,849202162.8
 Kazakhstan2021187,8362021Q1-74,2042019−36.2
 Kuwait2021126,9302020+89,847201969.7
 Latvia202137,7202021Q1-11,8062021Q1−34.2[5]
 Lithuania202162,1982021Q1-7,8212021Q1−13.5[5]
 Luxembourg202184,0772021Q1+40,3282021Q152.5[5]
 Malaysia2021387,0932021Q1+25,58920205.9
 Malta202116,4762020Q3+9,1002021Q160.9[5]
 Mexico20211,192,4802021Q1-586,5282019−51.4
 Mongolia202114,2332021Q1-37,4192021−262.9
 Montenegro20215,6512018-9,0442018−178.8
 Mozambique202113,9572021Q1-59,9962021−429.9
 Netherlands20211,012,5982021Q1+959,0492021Q1102.3[5]
 New Zealand2021243,3322021Q1-112,4882019−46.2
 Nicaragua202112,2832020-14,4562019−119.9
 Nigeria2021514,0492020-85,2112019−16.3
 Norway2021444,5192021Q1+1,175,7812021264.5
 Pakistan2021262,7992021Q1-116,9352021−44.5
 Panama202159,3772020-64,8572020−122.5
 Peru2021225,9182020Q2-86,0782018−37.4
 Philippines2021402,6382021Q1-15,3222020−5.6
 Poland2021642,1212021Q1-254,6232021Q1−43.0[5]
 Portugal2021257,3912021Q1-246,9612021Q1−104.9[5]
 Romania2021289,1302021Q1-121,4382021Q1−48.0[5]
 Russia20211,710,7342021Q1+458,533202126.8
 Saudi Arabia2021804,9212021Q1+587,883202173.0
 Serbia202160,4352021Q1-49,9702019−88.5
 Singapore2021374,9342021Q1+1,035,0822021276.1
 Slovakia2021117,6642021Q1-67,7852021Q1−63.0[5]
 Slovenia202159,1322021Q1-4,8762021Q1−12.5[5]
 South Africa2021329,5292021Q1+97,342202129.5
 South Korea20211,806,7072021Q1+477,517202126.4
 Spain20211,461,5522021Q1-1,096,5942021Q1−84.1[5]
 Sudan202135,8272018-85,1802018−248.5
 Sweden2021625,9482021Q1+116,4272021Q120.3[5]
  Switzerland2021824,7342021Q1+808,373202198.0
 Taiwan2021759,1042020+1,371,420[8]2020205.1
 Thailand2021538,7352021Q1+36,251201911.0
 Tunisia202144,2652019-63,6782019−162.6
 Turkey2021794,5302021Q2-280,6242021−35.3
 Uganda202141,2712019-18,6402019−60.8
 Ukraine2021164,5932021Q1-21,6132021−13.1
 United Kingdom20213,124,6502021Q1-802,2022021−25.7
 United States202122,675,2712021Q1-14,320,2752021Q1−64.9
 Uzbekistan202161,2032021Q1+18,494202130.2
 Zambia202118,9552020Q3-28,1772019−116.5

See also

References
  1. Bivens, L. Josh (December 14, 2004). "Debt and the dollar: The United States damages future living standards by borrowing itself into a deceptively deep hole". Epinet.org. Archived from the original on January 20, 2008. Retrieved 2009-06-28.
  2. Ministry of Economic and Finance of Argentina International Investment Position Methodology page.1
  3. "Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects". International Monetary Fund.
  4. "IMF Data". data.imf.org. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  5. . Eurostat https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tipsii40/default/table?lang=en. Retrieved 20 April 2021. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. Central Bank of Iceland
  7. "India's International Investment Position (IIP), March 2020". Reserve Bank of India. Retrieved 2021-01-30.
  8. Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)

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