Thinadhoo (Huvadhu Atoll)

Thenadu or Thinadhoo is the capital of Gaafu Dhaalu region in the atoll of Huvadhu and the proposed capital for the Upper South Province of the Maldives. It has its own dialect of Dhivehi which is considerably different from northern speech.

This article is about island in the Gaafu Dhaalu. For other islands with this name, see Thinadhoo (disambiguation).

Thinadhoo
Inhabited island
Thinadhoo
Location in Maldives
Coordinates: 0°31′48.83″N 72°59′47.44″E
CountryMaldives
Administrative atollGaafu Dhaalu Atoll
Distance to Malé407.06 km (252.94 mi)
Government
 • CouncilThinadhoo Council
Area
 • Total1.192 km2 (0.460 sq mi)
Dimensions
 • Length1.560 km (0.969 mi)
 • Width0.922 km (0.573 mi)
Population
 (2014)[1]
 • Total5,230 (including foreigners)
Time zoneUTC+05:00 (MST)

It is pronounced as Thenadu in the Southern Maldives dialect.

The island was formerly known as Havaru Thinadhoo and it was the traditional seat of the Atoll Chief. The island has a vibrant history of unrest and revolution.[2]

Thinadhoo was the wealthiest island in the country before it was forcefully depopulated and demolished entirely in 1962. The rich merchants of the island was known to have assisted even the capital when in need.[3][4]

History

Early history

Written history of the island is sparse, but Thinadhoo is known to have a rich history.

Havaru Thinadhoo
Long distance 100 to 200 dead-weight tonnage Odi ( Ship ) of Huvadu design type from the Southern Atolls.[5] The Odis were built in the Southern Atolls and operational until 1960s. Havaru Thinadhoo had 40 Odis before they were discontinued and were famous throughout the Indian Ocean.[6] Fully decked with deck-houses and large overhanging forecastle. Three-mast arrangement at the rig. A large main square-sail set atop a tall mainmast. Fore-and-aft gaff-sail set from the mizzen.Raking foremast carrying a square foresail well out over the bows.[5]

Suvadive was already a flourishing fishing industry with its own sustained economy when the Havaru ( locally meaning military ) was established.

Bodu Thakurufaanu sent the military factions known as 'Havaru' from Malé. They were organized as two ranks of three divisions each: the Is Thinvaru (the lead three powers) - Dhoshimeynaa Varu, Velaanaa Varu and Hakuraa Varu; and the Fas Thinvaru (the rear three powers) - Maafaiy Varu, Dhaharaa Varu and Faamuladheyri Varu.

Muhammad Thakurufaanu Al Auzam offered hakaru the island of Thinadhoo, He ordered that the 'dhandu kolhu', 'medhu ruganddu' and 'Baraaseel' to be given to Havaru along with the islands of Thinadhoo Maahuttaa, Kaadedhdhoo and Kuddu. The island itself was renamed Havaru Thinadhoo signifying the occupation.

When 'havaru' were given these six regions they leased them to the people of Thinadhoo under the Vaaru system. Each year Thinadhoo people were to send the annual Varuvaa to the 'Havaru' based in Male'. This practice lasted till the sultanate of Muhammad Mueenuddeen I who was the sultan of the Maldives from 1798 to 1835.[7]

United Suvadive Republic

Havaru Thinadhoo was the economic hub of the United Suvadive Republic which formed a breakaway nation from Maldives.

Further information: United Suvadive Republic

Depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo

On the 4th February 1962 the Kingdom of Maldives reacted by sending a fully armed gunboat to Havaru Thinadhoo commanded by Prime Minister Ibrahim Nasir.

Further information: Depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo

Enamaa boat incident

The Maldive boat Enamaa was carrying far more than its capacity of up to 126 when a wave overturned it. Twenty one people died with two missing when Enamaa capsized into the sea of Gaafu Dhaalu atoll on 17 March 2004.[8]

The Enamaa boat was traveling at nine and a half nautical miles per hour to Thinadhoo Island after watching the home team play a football match in Vilingili Island in Gaafu Alifu atoll.

Geography

The island is 407.06 km (253 mi; 220 nmi) south of the country's capital, Malé.[9]

Demography
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1959 6,000—    
1966 1,800−70.0%
2006 4,442+146.8%
2014 4,669+5.1%
2006-2014: Census populations
Source: [10]

Year 1959, The Maldives: New Stresses in an Old Nation [11]

Year 1966, Siyaasee thaareekhu - Thinadhoo [12]


Education

Thinadhoo is served by 4 pre-schools, 2 primary schools, 1 secondary/high-school and 3 university/college campuses.[13]

Transport

Kaadedhdhoo Domestic Airport is situated on a nearby island connected by speed boat.

See also

References
  1. "Table PP5: Resident Population by sex, nationality and locality (administrative islands), 2014" (PDF). Population and Households Census 2014. National Bureau of Statistics. p. 36. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  2. "Thinadhoo: Revolution, Bloodbath and Peace" (PDF).
  3. "Thinadhoo Council files transitional justice case regarding the 1962 forced depopulation by Maldives government".
  4. "އައްޒަގެ ދިރާސީ ބަސް: ސުވަދުންމަތީ މީހުންގެ ނުތަނަވަސްކަމުގެ ފެށުން".
  5. FRIAS, Xavier ROMERO. RULES FOR MALDI VIAN TRADING SHIPS TRA VELLING ABROAD (1925) AND A SOJOURN IN SOUTHERN CEYLON. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24920196: jstor. p. 3.CS1 maint: location (link)
  6. Bernard, Koechlin. "In: Archipel, 1979. Commerces et navires dans les mers du Sud". Notes sur l'histoire et le navire long-courrier, odi, aujourd'hui disparu, des Maldives. volume 18: 293. |volume= has extra text (help)
  7. N. T. Hassan Didi (2005). "Kureege Huvadhoo Atholhu". Novelty Press.
  8. Who is to take responsibility for the horrific Enamaa boat disaster? Accessed June 4, 2008. Archived 10 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  9. "Coordinate Distance Calculator". Boulter.com. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  10. "Table 3.3: Total Maldivian Population by Islands" (PDF). National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  11. Maloney, C (9 April 1947). "The Maldives: New Stresses in an Old Nation". Far Eastern Survey. 16 (7): 654–671. doi:10.2307/2643164. JSTOR 2643164.
  12. "Siyaasee thaareekhu - Thinadhoo" (PDF).
  13. "Ministry of Education Stat Book 2015" (PDF). Ministry of Education. Ministry of Education. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
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