Timeline of Southampton
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Southampton, Hampshire, England.
Pre-16th century
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- 750 – Market active.[1]
- 837 – The Town is besieged by Danes, who then 'ravage' it in around 980.[2][3]
- 1070 – St. Michael's Church founded.
- 11th century – Southampton Castle built.
- 1124 – St Denys Priory founded.[4]
- 1180 – Bargate built (approximate date).
- 1197 – God's House hostel and Church of St. Julien established (approximate date).
- 1200 – Long House built (approximate date).
- 1220 – Walter Fortin becomes mayor (approximate date).[5]
- 1233 – Franciscan Friary founded (approximate date).
- 1236 – Jews expelled.[6]
- 1239 – Netley Abbey founded near town.
- 1299 – Bowling Green in use.[7]
- 1300 – Population: 5,000 (approximate).
- 1319 – Venetian state fleet visits Southampton.[8]
- 1320 – Holyrood Church built.
- 1338 – Town taken by French forces.[2]
- 1348 – Black plague.[3]
- 1415 – August: Southampton Plot ringleaders executed at Bargate.
- 1461 – Southampton fair active.[1]
16th to 18th centuries
- 1550 – Grammar school founded.[4]
- 1552 – King Edward VI visits town.[3]
- 1554 – King Philip II of Spain visits town.[3]
- 1669 – King Charles II visits town.[9]
- 1760 – Taunton's School founded.[10]
- 1761 – Assembly rooms built.[9][11]
- 1766 – Theatre built.[11]
- 1772 – Hampshire Chronicle newspaper begins publication.[12]
- 1798 – Thorners Charity built.[9]
- 1799 – Northam Bridge built.
19th century
- 1802 – Salisbury and Southampton Canal begins operating.
- 1822 – Southampton County Chronicle newspaper begins publication.[13]
- 1823
- Public dispensary established.[2]
- The Hampshire Advertiser newspaper established (circulated until 1900)[14] from an earlier publication, the Herald.[15]
- 1830 – Southampton Polytechnic Institution established.[10]
- 1831 – Population: 19,324.[16]
- 1835 - The Municipal Reform Act of 1835 abolishes Southampton's jurisdiction of Portsmouth's port.
- 1836
- The Woolston Floating Bridge (ferry) begins operating.
- Police force established.
- Southampton Dock Company incorporated.[17]
- 1839 – Southampton Terminus railway station opens.
- 1841 – Population: 27,744.[16]
- 1842
- Docks built.[2]
- Elliott Brothers (builders merchant) in business.
- 1846 – Southampton Old Cemetery begins operating.
- 1847 – Riding School at Carlton Place completed.[18]
- 1849 – James & Co. bookseller in business.[19]
- 1855 – Southampton School of Art,[10] and prison on Ascupart Street established.
- 1860 – Southampton Times newspaper begins publication.[13]
- 1861 - 10 September: Red Funnel ferries starts operating ferry services between Southampton and Cowes on the Isle of Wight.
- 1862 – Hartley Institute founded.[2]
- 1872 – Ordnance Survey buildings constructed.
- 1874 - The Hythe Pier, Hythe & Southampton Ferry company is formed, with a ferry service starting from Southampton in 1880 after the pier is completed.
- 1875
- Watts Memorial Hall built.[4]
- Royal Southampton Yacht Club chartered.
- 1876 – Above Bar Church founded.
- 1879 – Southampton Tramways Company begins operating.
- 1884 – St. Mary's Church built.
- 1885 – St. Mary's Young Men's Association Football Club, and Hampshire Field Club[20] established.
- 1889
- Southampton Free Public Library established.[19]
- St Mary's Road drill hall completed.[21]
- 1890 – September: Southampton Dock Strike of 1890.
- 1891
- Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway begins operating.
- Southampton Docks acquired by the London and South Western Railway company.[22]
- 1895
- Bitterne (portion), Freemantle, Millbrook, and Shirley become part of Southampton.[22]
- Southampton West railway station opens.
- 1898
- Southampton Football Club founded.
- The Dell (stadium) opens.
- 1899 – David Holmes bookseller in business.[19]
20th century
- 1900 - Southampton General Hospital is founded as the Southampton Union Infirmary.
- 1901 – Population: 104,824.[4]
- 1902 - Warsash Maritime Academy opens on Newtown Road.
- 1905 – Southampton Record Society founded.[23][24]
- 1907 – White Star Line relocates to Southampton from Liverpool.
- 1908 - Southampton Water serves as one of the sailing and motorboating venues for the 1908 Summer Olympics.
- 1912
- Tudor House Museum established.
- 10 April: The RMS Titanic departs Southampton on her maiden and final voyage; later sinks on 14 April.[25]
- 1913 – Palladium Cinema opens.[26]
- 1914
- Scala Cinema opens.[26]
- 22 April: The Titanic Engineers' Memorial is unveiled in East Park to commemorate the engineers who lost their lives on the RMS Titanic.
- 1919
- January: 1919 Southampton Mutiny.
- Cunard Line relocates to Southampton from Liverpool.
- 1920
- Bassett, Bitterne Parish Council, Itchen Urban District Council, and Swaythling become part of Southampton.
- The Cenotaph (war memorial) unveiled in Watts Park.
- 1925 – Southampton Above Bar Musical and Dramatic Society active.
- 1928 – Empire Theatre opens.
- 1932 – Southampton Municipal Airport established.
- 1933 – King George V Graving Dock opens.
- 1937
- Southampton Guildhall opens.
- Foster, Wikner Aircraft company relocates to Southampton.
- 1939 – Southampton City Art Gallery opens.[27]
- 1940 – November–December: Aerial bombing by German forces.
- 1947 - 14 April: The RMS Queen Elizabeth runs aground on a sandbank just outside of Southampton.
- By the 1950s - Mayflower Park is laid out.
- 1952 – University of Southampton chartered.
- 1954 – Northam Bridge rebuilt.
- 1961 – Museum of Archaeology opens in God's House Tower.
- 1962 – City of Southampton Society founded, and then Southampton becomes a city in 1964.[28]
- 1965 – Wilton Royal factory opens near city.[29]
- 1966 – Southampton Maritime Museum opens in The Wool House.
- 1968 – Southampton Boat Show begins.
- 1969
- Southampton Technical College established.
- Television Centre built, and it then closes in 2008.
- 1976 - Griffon Hoverwork Ltd is founded under the names Griffon Hovercraft and Hoverwork Ltd, with the current name being used since 2008.
- 1977 - The Woolston Floating Bridge (ferry) stops operating.
- 1979 – John Hansard Gallery established.[30]
- 1984
- Southampton Institute of Higher Education established as a merger of Southampton College of Art. It then merges with the Southampton College of Technology, and later the College of Nautical Studies at Warsash.
- Solent Sky aviation museum opens.[31]
- 1985 – Medieval Merchant's House restored.
- 1986
- Ocean Village (marina) area redeveloped.
- Southampton Citybus in operation.
- 1989 – Bargate Shopping Centre built.
- 1991 – Marlands Shopping Centre in business.
- 1995 - The M3 motorway opens, forming an artery between the South Coast, Isle of Wight and London.
- 1996 – Southampton Oceanography Centre opens.
21st century
- 2000
- WestQuay shopping centre is in business.
- Chamberlayne Leisure Centre opens in Mayfield Park.
- 2001 – Population: 217,400.[32]
- 2005 - Southampton Solent is given University status, which includes Southampton College of Art, the Southampton College of Technology, and later the College of Nautical Studies from its previous merger as the Southampton Institute of Higher Education in 1984.
- 2009 – Carnival House office building opens.
- 2011 – Population: 236,900.[32]
- 2012
- 10 April: Southampton commemorates the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the RMS Titanic with ships sounding their horns at 12pm and a memorial service.
- The SeaCity Museum opens.
- 2013 - Bargate Shopping Centre closes, and its demolition begins on 24 November 2017.
- 2016 - West Quay Watermark opens.
- 2020
- 23 March: Southampton goes into a nationwide lockdown with the rest of the UK due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
- 5 November: Southampton joins the rest of the UK in a nationwide lockdown that lasts until 2 December in an attempt to reduce the number of cases.
- 20 December: Southampton moves to Tier 4 restriction after being in Tier 3 restrictions since 2 December.
- 2021
- 4 January: The Prime Minister Boris Johnson announces that Southampton, along with the rest of the UK, will go into another nationwide lockdown to control the new variants of COVID-19 from 6 January, which will last at least until the Spring. Then on 22 February, he announces plans to bring the UK, including Southampton, cautiously out of lockdown, with plans for restrictions to be fully lifted by 21 June.
- 16 May: The P&O cruise ship Iona is christened in Southampton by Dame Irene Hays, with her maiden voyage taking place on 7 August to Scotland and the Channel Isles.
- 14 June: Plans to end COVID-19 restrictions are delayed by 4 weeks to 19 July due to a sharp rise of the Delta variant.
- 19 July: COVID-19 restrictions in England, including Southampton, come to an end after Prime Minister Boris Johnson confirms this on 12 July.
- 9 November: Southampton Airport is named as the best in the UK and the third best globally for sustainability performance as part of COP26 in Glasgow.
See also
- History of Southampton
- Timelines of other cities in South East England: Oxford, Portsmouth, Reading
References
- Samantha Letters (2005), "Hampshire", Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs in England and Wales to 1516, Institute of Historical Research, Centre for Metropolitan History
- George Henry Townsend (1867), "Southampton", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co., p. 919
- "The Borough of Southampton", History, gazetteer and directory of the county of Hampshire, including the Isle of Wight, Sheffield: W. White, 1878, p. 511
- "Southampton", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
- "Southampton Mayors". Southampton City Council. Archived from the original on 15 August 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- Lipman, Vivian David, and William D. Rubinstein. "Southampton." Encyclopaedia Judaica. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. 2nd ed. Vol. 19. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 60-61. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 1 Oct. 2013
- Bamber Gascoigne. "Timelines: Southampton". History World. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
- Alwyn A. Ruddock (1946). "Alien Merchants in Southampton in the Later Middle Ages". English Historical Review. 61 (239): 1–17. JSTOR 554835.
- A.E. Richardson (1920). "Southampton". Town Planning Review. 8 (2): 69–78. doi:10.3828/tpr.8.2.b071g257qk17168p. JSTOR 40100721.
- Directory of Southampton. London: George Stevens. 1884.
- Samuel Tymms (1832). "Hampshire". Western Circuit. The Family Topographer: Being a Compendious Account of the … Counties of England. 2. London: J.B. Nichols and Son. OCLC 2127940.
- Frederick Augustus Edwards (1890), Early Hampshire Printers
- "Southampton (England) Newspapers". Main Catalogue. British Library. Retrieved 21 September 2013.
- Hampshire Archive
- "Death of Edward Langdon Oke". Hampshire Advertiser. Southampton, UK. 26 September 1840.
- "Southampton". Slater's Royal National and Commercial Directory and Topography of … Hampshire. Manchester: Isaac Slater. 1852.
- L.E. Tavener (1950). "Port of Southampton". Economic Geography. 26 (4): 260–273. doi:10.2307/141262. JSTOR 141262.
- "Riding School". Sotonopedia. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
- James Clegg, ed. (1906), International Directory of Booksellers and Bibliophile's Manual
- Papers and Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club, 1, 1885
- "Southampton". The Drill Hall Project. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
- J.G. Bartholomew (1904), "Southampton", Survey Gazetteer of the British Isles, London: G. Newnes
- Publications of the Southampton Record Society 1905-
- "Southampton Records Series". University of Southampton. Archived from the original on 2 March 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- "World Wars". British History Timeline. BBC. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- "Movie Theaters in Southampton, England". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- "Arts and Heritage". Southampton City Council. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- "About Us". City of Southampton Society. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- Steven P. Pinch, Colin M. Mason and Stephen J. G. Witt (1989). "Labour Flexibility and Industrial Restructuring in the UK 'Sunbelt': The Case of Southampton". Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. 14 (4): 418–434. doi:10.2307/623009. JSTOR 623009.
- John Hansard Gallery. "About Us". University of Southampton. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- "The Museum". Solent Sky Museum. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- "Southampton's Census population". Southampton City Council. Archived from the original on 31 December 2010. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
Further reading
Published in the 18th century
- Stephen Whatley (1751). "Southampton". England's Gazetteer. London: Printed for J. and P. Knapton.
- Southampton Guide. Southampton: James Linden. 1768.
- Nathaniel Spencer (1772). "County of Hants: (Southampton)". Complete English Traveller. London: J. Cooke.
- Daniel Defoe; Samuel Richardson (1778), "(Southampton)", A Tour Through the Island of Great Britain (8th ed.), London: J.F. and C. Rivingdon
- J. Hassell (1798). "Tour of the Isle of Wight: (Southampton)". In William Mavor (ed.). British Tourists; Or Traveller's Pocket Companion. 5. London.
1800s-1840s
- John Britton; Edward Wedlake Brayley (1805), "Southampton", Beauties of England and Wales, 6, London: Vernor & Hood, hdl:2027/yale.39002040781875
- Henry Englefield (1805), A Walk through Southampton (2nd ed.), Southampton: Baker and Fletcher, OCLC 422509, OL 7227217M
- James Dugdale (1819), "Hampshire: Southampton", New British Traveller, 4, London: J. Robins and Co.
- "Southampton". Rees's Cyclopædia. 1819.
- John Bullar (1820). Historical Particulars Relating to Southampton. Southampton: Baker.
- Southampton Guide (26th ed.). Elizabeth Skelton. 1823.
- Robert Watt (1824). "Southampton". Bibliotheca Britannica. 4. Edinburgh: A. Constable. hdl:2027/mdp.39076005081505. OCLC 961753.
- Kidd's picturesque pocket companion to Southampton. W. Kidd. 1830.
- David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Southampton". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. 17. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t82j6q872.
- "Southampton", Leigh's New Pocket Road-Book of England and Wales (7th ed.), London: Leigh and Son, 1839
- "Southampton". London and Southampton Railway Guide. London: James Wyld. 1839.
- John Duthy (1839). "Southampton". Sketches of Hampshire. Winchester: Jacob and Johnson.
- "Southampton". Hampshire. Journey-Book of England. London: Charles Knight & Co. 1841. hdl:2027/njp.32101072870619.
- "Southampton Station", Mogg's Southampton Railway, and Isle of Wight Guide, London: Edward Mogg, 1845
- Samuel Lewis (1848), "Southampton", Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.), London: S. Lewis and Co.
1850s-1890s
- "Southampton". Post Office Directory of Hampshire, Wiltshire, and Dorsetshire. Kelly and Co. 1855.
- Charles Knight, ed. (1867). "Southampton". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810.
- "Southampton", Black's Guide to Hampshire, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1872
- Henry March Gilbert (1872), "(Southampton)", Bibliotheca Hantoniensis, Southampton: Ye Olde Booke Shoppe
- "Southampton", Handbook for Travellers in Surrey, Hampshire, and the Isle of Wight (3rd ed.), London: John Murray, 1876
- "Southampton". Kelly's Directory. 1880.
- G. Phillips Bevan (1881), "Southampton", Tourist's Guide to Hampshire, including the Isle of Wight, London: Edward Stanford
- John Parker Anderson (1881), "Hampshire: Southampton", Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, London: W. Satchell
- Thomas William Shore (1882). Guide to Southampton and Neighbourhood. Southampton.
- J. Silvester Davies (1883), History of Southampton, Southampton: Gilbert & Co., OL 7022835M
- "Southampton". Official Guide to the London and North Western Railway. London: Cassell & Company. 1894.
- "Southampton", Great Britain (4th ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1897, OCLC 6430424
- Charles Gross (1897). "Southampton". Bibliography of British Municipal History. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co.
- Southampton ; an historical guide to the places of interest in the town and neighbourhood. Southampton: John Adams. 1899.
Published in the 20th century
- "Southampton". List of Works Relating to British Genealogy and Local History. New York: New York Public Library. 1910.
- "Southampton". England. Blue Guides. London: Macmillan. 1920.
- Ruth Hutchinson Crocker (1987). "Victorian Poor Law in Crisis and Change: Southampton, 1870–1895". Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies. 19 (1): 19–44. doi:10.2307/4049658. JSTOR 4049658.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Southampton. |
- "Southampton's Local History". Southampton City Council. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27.
- Hartley Library, Special Collections. "Guide to the Cope Collection and the Local History subject guide". University of Southampton.
- "Southampton: Timeline". Port Cities UK. UK: New Opportunities Fund.
- "Hampshire", Historical Directories, UK: University of Leicester. Includes Southampton area directories, various dates.
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