List of United States state legislatures

This is a list of United States state legislatures. Each state in the United States has a legislature as part of its form of civil government. Most of the fundamental details of the legislature are specified in the state constitution. With the exception of Nebraska, all state legislatures are bicameral bodies, composed of a lower house (Assembly, General Assembly, State Assembly, House of Delegates, or House of Representatives) and an upper house (Senate). The United States also has one federal district and five non-state territories with local legislative branches, which are listed below. Among the states, the Nebraska Legislature is the only state with a unicameral body. However, three other jurisdictions – the District of Columbia, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands – also have unicameral bodies.

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US state governments (governor and legislature) by party control
  Democratic control
  Republican control
  Split control

The exact names, dates, term lengths, term limits, electoral systems, electoral districts, and other details are determined by the individual states' laws.

Party summary
Party control of legislatures
Republican-controlled legislatures 30
Democratic-controlled legislatures 17
Split legislatures[1] 3
Total 50
Blue is Democratic legislature, Red is Republican legislature, pink is split control

Note: A party with a numerical majority in a chamber may be forced to share power with other parties due to informal coalitions or may cede power outright because of divisions within its caucus.

Party control of state governments
Republican-controlled governments 23
Democratic-controlled governments 14
Democratic governor/Republican-controlled legislature 7
Republican governor/Democratic-controlled legislature 3
Democratic governor/Split legislature 1
Republican governor/Split legislature 2
Total 50

Statistics

State legislators by party

As of January 29, 2021

PartyLower house[2]Upper house[3]Total
Republican (R) 2,905 (53.42%) 1,106 (56.09%) 4,011 (54.08%)
Democratic (D) 2,476 (45.53%) 853 (43.26%) 3,312 (44.93%)
Independent (I)† 24 (0.44%) 5 (0.25%) 29 (0.39%)
Others& 8 (0.15%) 2 (0.1%) 10 (0.12%)
Progressive [VT] (P) 7 (0.13%) 2 (0.1%) 9 (0.12%)
Libertarian (L) 2 (0.04%) 0 (0%) 2 (0.03%)
Vacant 16 (0.29%) 4 (0.2%) 20 (0.27%)
Total 5,438 1,972 7,410

† Includes legislators who are listed officially as unaffiliated, unenrolled, nonpartisan, etc.
& Includes legislators who are from a party and don't caucus with the party.

State legislatures

As of November 14, 2021[4]

StateState executiveLegislature nameLower houseUpper house
NameParty strengthTerm
(yrs.)		NameParty strengthTerm
(yrs.)
AlabamaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 77–27, 1 Vacant4State SenateR 27–84
AlaskaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 15/R-C 2/Ind. 4, R 18/NCR 12State SenateR 13–74
ArizonaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 30–28, 2 Vacant2State SenateR 16–142
ArkansasGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 76–242State SenateR 28–74
CaliforniaGovernorState Legislature[nb 1]State AssemblyD 59–19, 1 Ind, 1 Vacant2State SenateD 31–94
ColoradoGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 41–242State SenateD 20–154
ConnecticutGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 97–542State SenateD 24–122
DelawareGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 26–152State SenateD 14–74
FloridaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 78–422State SenateR 24–164
GeorgiaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 103–76, 1 Vacant2State SenateR 34–222
HawaiiGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 47–42State SenateD 24–14
IdahoGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 58–122State SenateR 28–72
IllinoisGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 73–452State SenateD 41–182 or 4
IndianaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 71–292State SenateR 38–11, 1 Vacant4
IowaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 59–412State SenateR 32–184
KansasGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 86–38, 1 Ind2State SenateR 29–114
KentuckyGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 75–252State Senate R 30–84
LouisianaGovernorState Legislature[nb 2]House of RepresentativesR 66–35, 2 Ind, 2 Vacant4State SenateR 27–124
MaineGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 80–66, 4 Ind, 1 Lib[nb 3]2State SenateD 21–142
MarylandGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of DelegatesD 99–424State SenateD 32–154
MassachusettsGovernorGeneral CourtHouse of RepresentativesD 129–29, 1 Ind, 1 Vacant2State SenateD 36–3, 1 Vacant2
MichiganGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 58–522State SenateR 20–16, 2 Vacant4
MinnesotaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 70–642State SenateR 34–31, 2 Ind2, 4, 4
MississippiGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 74–46, 1 Ind, 2 Vacant4State SenateR 34-16, 2 Vacant4
MissouriGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 114–492State SenateR 24–104
MontanaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 67–332State SenateR 31–18, 1 Vacant4
NebraskaGovernorLegislature(Unicameral)Legislature[nb 4]R 30–19[nb 5]4
NevadaGovernorState LegislatureAssemblyD 26–162State SenateD 12–94
New HampshireGovernorGeneral CourtHouse of RepresentativesR 212–187, 1 Vacant2State SenateR 14–102
New JerseyGovernorState LegislatureGeneral AssemblyD 52–282State SenateD 25–152, 4, 4
New MexicoGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 44–25, 1 Ind2State SenateD 27–154
New YorkGovernorState LegislatureState AssemblyD 106–43, 1 Ind2State SenateD 43–202
North CarolinaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 69–512State SenateR 28–222
North DakotaGovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 80–144State SenateR 40-74
OhioGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 64–352State SenateR 25–84
OklahomaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 82–192State SenateR 39–94
OregonGovernorState Legislative AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 37–232State SenateD 18–124
PennsylvaniaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 112–90, 1 Vacant2State SenateR 27–21, 1 Ind, 1 Vacant4
Rhode IslandGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 65–102State Senate D 33–52
South CarolinaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 81–432State SenateR 30–164
South DakotaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 62–82State SenateR 32–32
TennesseeGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 73–262State SenateR 27–64
TexasGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 85–652State SenateR 18–134
UtahGovernorState Legislature[nb 6]House of RepresentativesR 58–172State SenateR 23–64
VermontGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 92–47, 7 Prog, 4 Ind2State SenateD 21–7, 2 Prog2
VirginiaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of DelegatesR 52–482State SenateD 21–18, 1 Vacant4
WashingtonGovernorState Legislature[nb 7]House of RepresentativesD 57–412State SenateD 29–204
West VirginiaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of DelegatesR 77–232State SenateR 23–114
WisconsinGovernorState LegislatureState AssemblyR 61–382State SenateR 21–124
WyomingGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 51–7, 1 Ind, 1 Lib2State SenateR 28–24

Federal district and territorial legislatures
Federal district
or territory		GovernorNameLower houseUpper house
NameParty strengthTerm
(years)		NameParty strengthTerm
(years)
American SamoaGovernorFonoHouse of RepresentativesNP 20 (+ NV 1)2SenateNP 184
District of ColumbiaMayorCouncil(Unicameral)CouncilD 11–0, 2 I4
GuamGovernorLegislature(Unicameral)LegislatureD 8–72
Northern Mariana IslandsGovernorCommonwealth LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 8–8, 3 I, 1 vacant2SenateR 5–1, 3 I4
Puerto RicoGovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesPPD 26–21, 2 MVC, 1 PIP, 1 PD[nb 8]4SenatePPD 13–9, 2 MVC, 1 PIP, 1 PD, 1 I4
United States Virgin IslandsGovernorLegislature(Unicameral)LegislatureD 10–0, 5 I2
Popular Democratic (PPD) legislators 39
Democratic (D) legislators 38
New Progressive (PNP) legislators 30
Republican (R) legislators 21
Citizen's Victory Movement (MVC) legislators 4
Puerto Rican Independence (PIP) legislators 2
Project Dignity (PD) legislators 2
Independent (I) and nonpartisan (NP) legislators 52
Non-voting (NV) delegate (Swains Island) 1
Total 189

Notes
  1. The Constitution of California names it the "California Legislature", but the Legislature brands itself as the “California State Legislature”.
  2. The Constitution of Louisiana vests legislative authority in "a legislature, consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives," and refers to it as "the legislature" throughout, without officially designating a term for the two houses together. However, the two bodies do use the term "Louisiana State Legislature" in official references to itself.
  3. There are 3 additional non-voting seats allocated to sovereign tribal nations within Maine. Since 2018, only one seat (belonging to the Passamaquoddy) is filled; the tribal representavtive is a Democrat but is not counted in this total.
  4. When Nebraska switched to a unicameral legislature in 1937, the lower house was abolished. All current Nebraskan legislators are referred to as “Senators”, as the pre-1937 senate was the retained house.
  5. Nebraska's legislature is de jure nonpartisan but senators' political affiliations are publicly known and voting often happens along party lines; the de facto composition is given here.
  6. The Constitution of Utah names it the "Legislature of the State of Utah", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Utah State Legislature".
  7. The Constitution of Washington names it "the legislature of the state of Washington", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Washington State Legislature".
  8. The ruling parties of Puerto Rico are separate from the Republican and Democratic parties.

See also

References
  1. “Split” in the sense that each of the two chambers are controlled by a different party (e.g., a Democratic Senate and Republican House) or one chamber is evenly split between parties and thus "hung". The Nebraska legislature, though officially nonpartisan, is de facto Republican-controlled, and listed as such.
  2. "Partisan composition of state houses". Ballotpedia. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  3. "Partisan composition of state senates". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  4. "Partisan Composition of State Legislatures". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
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