Yongle
Yongle was a Chinese era name (simplified Chinese: 年号; traditional Chinese: 年號; pinyin: niánhào; lit. 'year name') after Jianwen, or Hongwu (restored)[1] and before Hongxi.[2][3] This period spanned the years from 23 January 1403 to 19 January 1425. The reigning emperors were the Yongle Emperor (永樂帝) and the Hongxi Emperor (洪熙帝).[lower-alpha 1]
| Yongle | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 永樂 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 永乐 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Perpetual Happiness" | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Hangul | 영락 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanja | 永樂 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 永楽 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Hiragana | えいらく | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Conversion table
| Yongle | 1st year | 2nd year | 3rd year | 4th year | 5th year | 6th year | 7th year | 8th year | 9th year | 10th year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD | 1403 | 1404 | 1405 | 1406 | 1407 | 1408 | 1409 | 1410 | 1411 | 1412 |
| Ganzhi | Guiwei / 癸未 | Jiashen / 甲申 | Yiyou / 乙酉 | Bingxu / 丙戌 | Dinghai / 丁亥 | Wuzi / 戊子 | Jichou / 己丑 | Gengyin / 庚寅 | Xinmao / 辛卯 | Renchen / 壬辰 |
| Yongle | 11th year | 12th year | 13th year | 14th year | 15th year | 16th year | 17th year | 18th year | 19th year | 20th year |
| AD | 1413 | 1414 | 1415 | 1416 | 1417 | 1418 | 1419 | 1420 | 1421 | 1422 |
| Ganzhi | Guisi / 癸巳 | Jiawu / 甲午 | Yiwei / 乙未 | Bingshen / 丙申 | Dingyou / 丁酉 | Wuxu / 戊戌 | Jihai / 己亥 | Gengzi / 庚子 | Xinchou / 辛丑 | Renyin / 壬寅 |
| Yongle | 21st year | 22nd year | ||||||||
| AD | 1423 | 1424 | ||||||||
| Ganzhi | Guimao / 癸卯 | Jiachen / 甲辰 |
Equivalent eras
- Ōei (応永, 1394–1428): Japan — era name of Emperor Go-Komatsu and Emperor Shōkō
- Thiệu Thành (紹成, 1401–1402): Hồ dynasty — era name of Hồ Hán Thương
- Khai Đại (開大, 1403–1407): Hồ dynasty — era name of Hồ Hán Thương
- Hưng Khánh (興慶, 1407–1409): Later Trần dynasty — era name of Trần Ngỗi
- Trùng Quang (重光, 1409–1413): Later Trần dynasty — era name of Trần Quý Khoáng
- Vĩnh Ninh (永寧, 1417–1420): Jiaozhi Province — era name of Phạm Ngọc
- Vĩnh Thiên (永天, 1420): Jiaozhi Province — era name of Lê Ngạ
Notes
- Also used by King Taejong (태종, 太宗), King Sejong the Great (세종대왕, 世宗大王) of Joseon; King Bunei (武寧) of the Satto dynasty, King Shō Shishō (尚 思紹王) of the First Shō dynasty of Chūzan; King Han'anchi (攀安知) of the Haniji dynasty of Hokuzan; King Ōōso (汪応祖), King Tafuchi (達勃期), King Taromai (他魯毎) of the Ōzato dynasty of Nanzan and King Shō Hashi (尚 巴志王) of the First Shō dynasty of Ryūkyū Kingdom.
References
- "History of Ming", vol. 5.
- Li, Chongzhi (李崇智) (December 2004), 中国历代年号考 (Zhongguo li dai nian hao kao), 北京: 中華書局 (Beijing: Zhonghua Book), p. 205, ISBN 978-7-101-02512-5
- "History of Ming", vol. 8.
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