Patrioticheskaya Pesnya

"The Patriotic Song" (Russian: Патриоти́ческая пе́сня, tr. Patriotícheskaya pésnya, IPA: [pətrʲɪɐˈtʲitɕɪskəjə ˈpʲesʲnʲə]) was the national anthem of Russia from 1991 to 2000. It was previously the regional anthem of the Russian SFSR from 1990 until 1991, when it had renamed itself as the Russian Federation and left the Soviet Union. Unlike most national anthems, it had no official lyrics (although unofficial ones written for it were proposed, they were not adopted).

Patrioticheskaya pesnya
English: "The Patriotic Song"
Патриотическая песня
Former national anthem of  Russia
Former regional anthem of the  Russian SFSR
MusicMikhail Glinka, 1833
Adopted23 November 1990 (1990-11-23)
Readopted25 December 1991 (1991-12-25)
Relinquished27 December 2000 (2000-12-27)
Preceded by"State Anthem of the Soviet Union"
Succeeded by"State Anthem of the Russian Federation"
Audio sample
"Patrioticheskaya Pesnya"
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For other uses, see Patriotic song (disambiguation).

Etymology

The song originally was not a song but a composition for piano without lyrics, written by Mikhail Glinka (1804–1857) and entitled (in French) Motif de chant national. The song has been confused with the closing chorus of Glinka's opera A Life for the Tsar, probably because both begin with the same word ("Slav’sya"), but the two compositions are unrelated (though the operatic music, too, has been suggested as a candidate for the Russian national anthem). The song has been known under its current title of "The Patriotic Song" since at least the mid-1940s.[1]

History

The TV news program on USSR Central Television Vremya used it as its theme tune from 1984 to 1986.

In the 1990s, Boris Yeltsin chose the tune as the new state anthem of the Russian SFSR and it was officially adopted as such on 23 November 1990 by the Supreme Soviet of Russia.[2] It remained in de facto usage through inertia by the new Russian Federation from 1991 until its official confirmation as the state's national anthem in 1993 when the Russian constitution was enacted.[3] Also favored by the Russian Orthodox Church, the music went without lyrics for several years. In 1999 Viktor Radugin won a contest to provide suitable words for it with his poem "Sláv'sya, Rossíya!" (Russian: Сла́вься, Росси́я!, lit. 'Be glorious, Russia!'). However, no lyrics and none of the entries were ever adopted.

It reportedly proved to be unpopular with the Russian public and with many politicians and public figures, because of its tune and lack of lyrics, and consequently its inability to inspire Russian athletes during international competitions.[4]

It was replaced soon after Yeltsin's successor as President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, first took office on 7 May 2000. The federal legislature established and approved the music of the National Anthem of the Soviet Union, with newly written lyrics, in December 2000.[4] Yeltsin criticized Putin for supporting the semi-reintroduction of the Soviet-era national anthem, although opinion polls showed that many Russians favored this decision.[5]

Proposed lyrics

"Be Glorious, Russia!"

These are the unofficial lyrics to "Славься, Россия!" by Viktor Radugin.

Russian Transliteration IPA transcription English translation

Славься, славься, родина-Россия!
Сквозь века и грозы ты прошла
И сияет солнце над тобою
И судьба твоя светла.

Над старинным московским Кремлём
Вьётся знамя с двуглавым орлом
И звучат священные слова:
Славься, Русь – Отчизна моя!

Slav'sya, slav'sya, rodina-Rossiya!
Skvoz' veka i grozy ty proshla!
I siyayet solntse nad toboyu
I sud'ba tvoya svetla!

Nad starinnym moskovskim Kremlyom
V'yotsya znamya s dvuglavym orlom
I zvuchat svyashchennyye slova:
Slav'sya, Rus' – Otchizna moya!

[ˈsɫaf⁽ʲ⁾sʲə | ˈsɫaf⁽ʲ⁾sʲə | ˈrodʲɪnə rɐˈsʲijə ‖]
[skvosʲ vʲɪˈka i ˈɡrozɨ tɨ prɐʂˈɫa ‖]
[i sʲɪˈjæ(j)ɪt ˈsont͡sə nət tɐˈbojʊ]
[i sʊdʲˈba tvɐˈja svʲɪtˈɫa ‖]

[nət stɐˈrʲinːɨm mɐˈskofskʲɪm krʲɪˈmlʲɵm]
[ˈv⁽ʲ⁾jɵt͡sːə ˈznamʲə z‿dvʊˈɡɫavɨm ɐrˈɫom]
[i zvʊˈt͡ɕat svʲɪˈɕːenːɨjɪ sɫɐˈva |]
[ˈsɫaf⁽ʲ⁾sʲə | rusʲ ɐˈt͡ɕːiznə mɐˈja ‖]

Glory, glory, Motherland-Russia!
Through the centuries and thunderstorms, you have passed
And the sun is shining upon you
And your fate is bright.

Above the ancient Moscow Kremlin
A banner with a two-headed eagle is hovering
And the sacred words sound:
Glory, Russia - my Fatherland!

"Above the Fatherland Majestically"

Above the Fatherland Majestically (Russian: Над Отчи́зной велича́во, tr. Nad Otchíznoy velichávo) by Vladimir Kalinkin, written in 1998 was another proposed set of lyrics. Performed by honored Russian artist Vladimir Detayov, the Duma was made aware of this piece's existence in April 1999. At the initiative of the Ministry of Ethnic Policy of Russia, this record was first publicly presented at the First Congress of the Assembly of Peoples of Russia. During the summer of that year, it was performed on the radio station "Radio of Russia" and the TV channel "Moskoviya", devoted to writing a text for the national anthem.

In January 2000, it was carried out in a new orchestral arrangement performed by the N.P. Osipov National Academic Orchestra of Folk Instruments and the A.V. Sveshnikov Academic Choir. Overall the song received positive reviews, although like "Slav'sya Rossiya", never attained official status.

These are the unofficial lyrics of "Над Отчизной величаво!", written by V.M. Kalinkin (Russian: В. М. Калинкин).

Russian Transliteration English translation

Над Отчизной величаво –
Башни древнего Кремля.
Славься, прадедов держава,
Вся Российская земля!

Ты – духовностью богата
И соборностью крепка –
По крупице, трудно, свято
Собиралась на века.

Единением народов
Нерушима и сильна,
Одолеет все невзгоды
Наша мудрая страна.

Над Отчизной величаво –
Башни древнего Кремля.
Славься, прадедов держава,
Вся Российская земля!

Nad Otchiznoy velichavo –
Bashni drevnego Kremlya.
Slav'sya, pradedov derzhava,
Vsya Rossiyskaya zemlya!

Ty – dukhovnost'yu bogata
I sobornost'yu krepka –
Po krupitse, trudno, svyato,
Sobiralas' na veka.

Yedineniyem narodov
Nerushima i sil'na,
Odoleyet vse nevzgody
Nasha mudraya strana.

Nad Otchiznoy velichavo –
Bashni drevnego Kremlya.
Slav'sya, pradedov derzhava
Vsya Rossiyskaya zemlya!

Above the Fatherland majestically –
The towers of the ancient Kremlin.
Hail, State of our forefathers,
All the Russian land!

You — rich in spirituality
And strong in fellowship –
Gradually, through hardship and holiness,
Have come together forever.

Through unity of its peoples,
Unbreakable and strong,
Our wise country
Will overcome all adversities.

Above the Fatherland majestically –
The towers of the ancient Kremlin.
Hail, State of our forefathers,
All the Russian land!

See also
  •  Opera portal
  •  Russia portal

References
  1. "Anthem of Russia". Russian Anthems museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 2016-01-12. Retrieved January 12, 2016. The music has been known under the title 'Patriotic Song' since 1944
  2. "On the National Anthem of the Russian SFSR". Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR. pravo.levonevsky.org. November 23, 1990.
  3. "On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation". Ukase of the President of the Russian Federation. infopravo.by.ru. December 11, 1993.
  4. "The Russian National Anthem and the problem of National Identity in the 21st Century". The Great Britain - Russia Society. gbrussia.org. Archived from the original on 2007-10-15.
  5. BBC News (December 7, 2000). "Yeltsin attacks Putin over anthem". EUROPE. bbc.co.uk. United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation.
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